Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: Provided herein are E. coli host strains with improved capacity for producing recombinant proteins.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for long term continuous flow fermentation using a two vessel continuous culture fermentation apparatus are described.

Abstract: A two-vessel continuous flow system in conjunction with low mutation reduced genome bacterial strains provides a platform for long term extended fermentations. Such systems require modification of standard fermentation devices such as probes, pumps and monitoring systems as well as improved procedures for feed delivery, culture monitoring and product harvesting methods. An optimized two-vessel system for producing large quantities of fermentation products from small volume, long duration continuous fermentations represents a significant improvement over existing fermentation strategies. Methods and compositions for long term continuous flow fermentation using a two vessel continuous culture fermentation apparatus are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel strains of microorganisms with oxygen-regulated metabolism. The microorganisms have higher growth rates and are more efficient than parental strains. The microorganisms may be used to produce a variety of products of interests, such as recombinant proteins, nucleic acids, such as DNA, amino acids, and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods useful for, inter alia, production of commercial biologic products such as amino acids. More specifically, the present invention relates to genetically modified strains of microorganisms and the use thereof for the production of commercial products. The present invention also provides, inter alia, novel isolated DNA, nucleic acid, vectors and reduced genome bacteria.

Abstract: Reduced genome strains of E. coli MG1655 are described. In various embodiments, the strains have one or more of equal or improved growth rate, transformation efficiency, protein expression, DNA production, DNA yield and/or DNA quality compared to the parental strain and commercially available strains.

Abstract: The invention relates to host cells with improved protein expressed properties. The host cells comprise rare tRNA genes within the one or more rRNA operons.

Abstract: Methods for introducing and expressing genes in animal cells are provided comprising infecting the animal cells with live invasive reduced-genome bacteria comprising a eukaryotic expression cassette comprising said gene. Also provided are methods for producing a pluripotent stem (iPS) cell from a mammalian somatic cell comprising infecting the somatic cell with live invasive reduced-genome bacteria comprising one or more eukaryotic expression cassettes comprising at least a gene encoding the transcription factor Oct3/4 and a gene encoding a member of the SRY-related HMG-box (Sox) transcription factor family.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention relate generally to plasmid DNA preparations and to methods for producing and using such preparations.

Abstract: The present invention discloses that a bacterium having a genome that is genetically engineered to be at least 10% smaller than the genome of its native parent strain has better transformation competence. Specific E. coli strains, having significantly reduced genome sizes, are disclosed which are highly transformation competent. A medium and methodology is taught which enables transformation efficiencies to be increased further.