Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for protecting electric power equipment. In one embodiment, an oscillator generates a time signal to timestamp a first stream of data comprising a plurality of local measurements. A communications interface may receive a second stream of data comprising a plurality of remote measurements from a remote source through a communication channel. The second stream of data may include a plurality of timestamps. A clock offset estimation subsystem may determine a plurality of clock offset values based on the second stream of data, analyze the second stream of data; identify a plurality of valid raw clock offset values within the second stream of data; and generate a prediction error. An adaptive filter subsystem may determine an adaptive gain using an adaptive filter and apply the adaptive gain to the prediction error based on conditions of the communication channel.

Abstract: A system includes a first intelligent electronic device (IED) of an electric power delivery system. The first IED may measure a local current and a local voltage, transmit a first signal indicative of the local current and voltage measurements to additional IEDs via one or more communication channels, receive one or more additional signals indicative of remote current and voltage measurements from each of the additional IEDs, determine a respective asymmetry of each of the communication channels based on the local current and voltage measurements and the remote current and voltage measurements, determine a total asymmetry based on the respective asymmetries, compare the total asymmetry to one or more threshold relationships between operating currents and restraining currents, each of the one or more threshold relationships comprising a slope value, and perform a control function based on the comparison.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for configuring time synchronization in a network. The system includes a time signal source to provide a common time signal to multiple configurable communication devices and a network controller in a control plane, in communication with the multiple configurable communication devices. The network controller is configured to receive time signal source information and to receive device configuration information for a first configurable communication device. The network controller is also configured to determine settings for time signal distribution and to transmit the settings to the multiple configurable communication devices to cause the first configurable communication device to transmit the time signal from the time signal source in a data plane for consumption by the multiple configurable communication devices.

Abstract: In various examples, a host HSR device determines bidirectional latency values in an HSR ring without adding network traffic beyond the supervision frames mandated by the HSR protocol. The host HSR device receives its own supervision frames after the frames traverse the ring in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. The host HSR device determines direction-specific roundtrip latency values, which are transmitted and used to, for example, set channel delay parameters in protective relays, assert alarms when latency or frame-return timeout thresholds are exceeded, and/or take other protective or reporting actions. In some examples, the larger of the two latency values is used to calculate a maximum roundtrip latency, which can be used to adjust or set a channel delay setting of a protective relay to ensure that the protective relay will continue to operate with the ring in a degraded state.

Abstract: This disclosure pertains to systems and methods to detect network errors in a parallel redundant protocol (PRP) or high-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) network. A node-level redundancy error subsystem of an intelligent electronic device (IED) maintains records (e.g., counts) of information associated with missing duplicate frames expected from node devices on the PRP or HSR network via redundant first and second local area networks (LANs). Non-zero counts of missing duplicate frames may be identified as network errors.

Abstract: A multiport current sensor is disclosed for measuring current. The sensor may include multiple CT or Rogowski coil segments or sections arranged in a closed loop configuration around a monitored phase line or other electrical conductor. An adjacent phase rejection circuit compares the magnitudes and/or phase angles of the voltage signals from the multiple coil segments. The adjacent phase rejection circuit may detect if a fault in an adjacent phase line or other electrical conductor is affecting the output signal of the current sensor by more than a threshold amount. The adjacent phase rejection circuit may additionally or alternatively indicate whether the measured values are valid for detecting a fault on the monitored phase line or other electrical conductor.

Abstract: The presently described systems and methods include differential protection architectures for power lines, including three-phase transmission lines and distribution lines, in which each protective device monitors and protects more than one power line. A protective device with multi-channel line current differential protection provides additional security from data corruption and/or single event upsets. A protective device on one end of a transmission line may include multiple communication channels to simultaneously receive independent differential data (e.g., current measurements) from protective devices on the other end of the transmission line. The device may use the independent channels of line current differential protection data to implement multiple independent differential protection functions for two or more power line segments.

Abstract: The present application discloses a current monitor mountable to an energized electrical conductor in an electric power system and related methods. In one embodiment, a current monitor comprises a housing, a first moveable arm coupled to the housing, and a second moveable arm coupled to the housing. The first moveable arm and the second moveable arm are configurable in an open configuration and a closed configuration. A current sensor is disposed in the moveable first arm and the second moveable arm and generates a signal output representing a current flow in the energized electrical conductor. The first moveable arm and the second moveable arm form a channel to receive the electrical conductor in the open configuration and transition to a closed configuration in which the first moveable arm and the second moveable arm substantially surround the electrical conductor in response to the electrical conductor entering the channel.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling dispatchable elements of a microgrid, such as generators or a point of common coupling, to achieve control objectives of the microgrid are provided. A monitoring and control system may determine a set of prioritized control objectives corresponding to a number of dispatchable elements of a microgrid and a combined dispatch region for the microgrid based on the prioritized control objectives. The monitoring and control system may control the plurality of dispatchable elements based on the combined dispatch region.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to control of a voltage regulator in an electric power system. In one embodiment, a system to control a voltage regulator includes a communication interface configured to communicate with the voltage regulator. A power flow direction subsystem may determine a direction of a current flow in the electric power system. A tap change monitoring subsystem may monitor tap changes implemented by the voltage regulator to evaluate a voltage change resulting from each of the plurality of tap changes and determine a source stiffness value for a first source and a second source. A voltage regulator control subsystem is configured to determine a regulation direction based on the direction of current flow determined by the power flow direction subsystem and based on the source stiffness value for the first source and the second source, and communicate the regulation direction to the voltage regulator through the communication interface.

Abstract: A method to determine a location of a fault in a power network includes monitoring electrical measurements, receiving an indication of a presence of the fault; determining a first sequence mutual coupling parameter based on the electrical measurements, wherein the first sequence mutual coupling parameter indicates a mutual coupling of a positive sequence to a negative sequence of the power network, determining a second sequence mutual coupling parameter based on the electrical measurements, wherein the second sequence mutual coupling parameter indicates a mutual coupling of a zero sequence to the negative sequence of the power network, determining the location of the fault based on the indication of the presence of the fault, the first sequence mutual coupling parameter, and the second sequence mutual coupling parameter, and sending one or more commands to one or more devices to adjust one or more operations based on the location of the fault.

Abstract: Transformer differential protection notwithstanding magnetizing inrush and overexcitation conditions is disclosed herein. Differential protection uses differential and restraining signals calculated using compensated winding currents. The protection is effective during magnetizing inrush and overexcitation conditions by determining whether the differential current is due to the magnetizing inrush or overexcitation. Further, the protection may determine a fault condition during energization.

Abstract: A method to determine a location of a fault in a power network includes monitoring electrical measurements, receiving an indication of a presence of the fault; determining a first sequence mutual coupling parameter based on the electrical measurements, wherein the first sequence mutual coupling parameter indicates a mutual coupling of a positive sequence to a negative sequence of the power network, determining a second sequence mutual coupling parameter based on the electrical measurements, wherein the second sequence mutual coupling parameter indicates a mutual coupling of a zero sequence to the negative sequence of the power network, determining the location of the fault based on the indication of the presence of the fault, the first sequence mutual coupling parameter, and the second sequence mutual coupling parameter, and sending one or more commands to one or more devices to adjust one or more operations based on the location of the fault.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining primary and failover paths in a programmable communication network are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a system to identify a plurality of communication paths may operate in conjunction with a programmable communication network connecting a source and a destination. A path discovery subsystem may discover both a first and a second completed communication path between the source and the destination. A cost calculation subsystem may calculate a first cost for the first completed communication path and a second cost for the second completed communication path. A routing subsystem may identify a primary communication path based on the first cost and the second cost, and program the plurality of nodes to implement the primary communication path.

Abstract: A system for determining channel delay or communication link asymmetry in an electric power system. The delay or asymmetry uses local clock signals instead of an external time source. Prediction errors are calculated using communications among the devices. A prediction algorithm compares the predicted channel delay against a measured channel delay. When the prediction error changes abruptly, the channel delay or communication asymmetry is detected.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for operating a configurable communication device. A network controller includes a communication interface to interface with multiple communication devices and a memory storing instructions. The network controller also includes a processor, that when executing the instructions, is configured to determine that a configurable communication device of the plurality of communication devices is to operate in a first control plane type of multiple control plane types configurable to be used by the configurable communication device. The processor is also configured to operate the configurable communication device using the first control plane type and to receive an indication that the configurable communication device is to switch to a second control plane type. Moreover, the processor is configured to cause the configurable communication device to switch to the second control plane type and operate the configurable communication device using the second control plane type.

Abstract: A soldering system includes a first solder wave height sensor to generate a first sensor signal and a second solder wave height sensor to generate a second sensor signal. The system further includes control circuitry to control an operation of the soldering system based on the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods to send or receive redundant Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages are described. An intelligent electronic device may obtain power system data from a power system. The TED may publish the power system data in a first GOOSE message and publish the same power system data in a second GOOSE message. The second GOOSE message may have different header information than the first GOOSE message to allow the subscriber to determine that the redundant GOOSE messages are both received. If the first and second GOOSE message are duplicates with identical header information but unique trailer information methods allow the subscriber to determine that the duplicate GOOSE messages are both received.

Abstract: A multiport current sensor is disclosed for measuring current. The sensor may include multiple CT or Rogowski coil segments or sections arranged in a closed loop configuration around a monitored phase line or other electrical conductor. An adjacent phase rejection circuit compares the magnitudes and/or phase angles of the voltage signals from the multiple coil segments. The adjacent phase rejection circuit may detect if a fault in an adjacent phase line or other electrical conductor is affecting the output signal of the current sensor by more than a threshold amount. The adjacent phase rejection circuit may additionally or alternatively indicate whether the measured values are valid for detecting a fault on the monitored phase line or other electrical conductor.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices presented herein are directed toward detecting a secondary arc extinction (SAE). SAE detection circuitry may identify the presence of arcing and bolted faults that persist through the end of a dead time (e.g., a predetermined time period between detection of a secondary arc and auto-reclosing). The SAE detection circuitry may detect the extinction of secondary arcing prior to the dead time expiring and provide output signals that may enable reclosing prior to the expiration of the dead time when secondary arc extinction is detected or to block reclosing when the secondary arc is still present at the end of the dead time. Further, the SAE detection circuitry may be implemented for transposed, untransposed, compensated, and uncompensated lines.