Abstract: An acid addition salt of a carba-sugar amine derivative represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an acyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group which may have one or at least two of the following substituent (I) or (II), or R1 and R2 are taken together to represent a substituent (III) (R8 to R12 each independently represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an acyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group), with the proviso that both R1 and R2 are not a hydrogen atom at the same time; R3, R4 and R7 each independently represents a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group having a substituent; and R5 and R6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group having a substituent, with the proviso that when one of R5 and R6 is a hydrogen atom, the other is a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group having a substituent.

Abstract: A glycosaminoglycan 6-O-sulfotransferase having an activity of transferring sulfate to a hydroxyl at position 6 of a glycosamine residue of a glycosaminoglycan, which has a ratio of relative activities to substrates satisfying completely desulfated N-acetylated (CDSNAc) heparin/completely desulfated N-resulfated (CDSNS) heparin ?0.05 and a molecular weight as calculated from constituent amino acids of from 53,000 to 58,000 daltons.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent which induces acceleration of hard tissue formation, acceleration of cell differentiation and increase in cellular alkaline phosphatase activity, by directly acting on the cell. Specifically, it provides a hard tissue formation promoter, a cell differentiation inducer and a cellular alkaline phosphatase activity reinforcing agent comprising, as an active ingredient, a glycosaminoglycan or a salt thereof that keeps sulfate group and has the characteristics of the following (1) and (2): (1) a basic structure is a disaccharide repeating structure consisting of a hexuronic acid residue and a glucosamine residue, (2) one or less of the position among a 2-position hydroxyl group of a hexuronic acid residue, a 6-position hydroxyl group of a glucosamine residue and a 2-position amino group of the glucosamine residue in the basic structure of the aforementioned (1) does not have the sulfate group.

Abstract: A pretreatment agent for a sample to be subjected to Limulus assay comprising an alkali metal sulfate and/or an alkaline earth metal sulfate wherein the sulfate(s) has a final concentration of 20 mM or more when the sulfate(s) is allowed to contact with the sample, or an alkali metal halide and/or an alkaline earth metal halide wherein the halide(s) has a final concentration of from 0.4 M to 1.2 M or less when the halide(s) is allowed to contact with the sample, or a kit for Limulus assay reagent comprising thereof as a composing article.

Abstract: The present invention provides a safe and novel stabilizing agent for enzymes; a composition containing an enzyme and the stabilizing agent; and a kit containing the stabilizing agent composition. According to the invention, deactivation or inactivation of the activity of the enzyme during storage, drying, freezing, etc. can be prevented, without raising any problem of potential infection of an enzyme with a pathogen. For purposes of the invention, the stabilizing agent for an enzyme contains a plant-derived polypeptide as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A method for micro-incision cataract surgery, wherein a solution containing hyaluronic acid having a weight average molecular weight of from 600,000 to 1,200,000 or a salt thereof is injected into the anterior chamber, and flow rate of a perfusion liquid in the anterior chamber is set to about be 35 to 40 mL/min or less, a method for evaluating retentivity of a viscoelastic material, which uses a device consisting of a micro-flare ultrasonic chip arranged in water, a sleeve which covers said chip and a hollow cylinder into which said chip is inserted, and a composition for evaluation of retentivity of a viscoelastic material, which comprises at least said viscoelastic material and a fluorescent granule, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel peptide based on CAP11 as well as provides an antibacterial agent, an LPS-cell-binding inhibitor, and a drug such as a bacterial-infection-treating agent or an endotoxin-shock suppressant, each containing the peptide as an active ingredient. The peptide has the following amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1): X01 X02 X03 X03 X04 X02 X03 X03 X05 X04 X03 X04 X02 X01 X03 X02 X05 X03 (wherein X01 represents a cationic amino acid residue or a polar uncharged amino acid residue, X02 represents a non-polar amino acid residue, X03 represents a cationic amino acid residue, X04 represents a non-polar amino acid residue or a cationic amino acid residue, and X05 represents a non-polar amino acid residue or a polar uncharged amino acid residue). Each of the antibacterial agent, lipopolysaccharide-cell-binding inhibitor, and drug (e.g., bacterial-infection-treating agent or endotoxin-shock suppressant) contains the peptide as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A process for producing a photocrosslinked-polysaccharide composition, which comprises: freezing a photoreactive polysaccharide-containing solution comprising a photoreactive polysaccharide in which a photoreactive group is bound to a polysaccharide, an aqueous solvent capable of dissolving the photoreactive polysaccharide, and any one substance selected from the group consisting of alcohol having compatibility with the aqueous solvent, a surfactant and a chelating agent; and irradiating the resulting frozen product with light, and a photocrosslinked-polysaccharide composition obtained by the process.

Abstract: Hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides having a size selected from sizes of 4 to 60 saccharides, fractions containing the hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides and having particular physicochemical properties, and drugs containing the same. The hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides of the present invention are extremely useful, because they exert superior pharmaceutical effects as active ingredients of a heat shock protein expression promoter, cell death inhibitor, cell injury inhibitor and cell and tissue protecting agent (e.g., organ preservation agent, antiulcer agent, antihepatopathic agent, IL-10 production promoter or IL-8 production inhibitor) and exhibit high safety.

Abstract: An agent for eliminating a drug and an accelerator for eliminating a drug which comprise hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The hexuronic acid derivative represented by the following formula 1 or a salt thereof is used as an active ingredient of a heparin/heparan sulfate sulfotransferase inhibitor. In the formula, each of R1, R2, and R3 independently represent(s) SO3? or H which may have a substituent, provided that at least one thereof represents SO3?; X represents OR4, SR4, N(R4)2, or C(R4)3, R4 independently represents H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, aryl, or aralkyl group; one of R5 and R6 represents COOH while the other represents H; and the wavy line represents ?-glycosidic bond or ?-glycosidic bond.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA is obtained by analyzing the partial amino acid sequence of purified endo-?-galactosidase C, constructing primers based thereon, effecting PCR with the use of the genomic DNA of Clostridium perfringens as a template to thereby obtain a fragment of cDNA encoding endo-?-galactosidase, effecting cassette PCR by using the cDNA fragment thus obtained to thereby obtain the 5?-terminal and 3?-terminal domains, and further effecting PCR with the use of primers constructed on the basis of the data acquired above.

Abstract: A process for producing a photocrosslinked-polysaccharide composition, which comprises: freezing a photoreactive polysaccharide-containing solution comprising a photoreactive polysaccharide in which a photoreactive group is bound to a polysaccharide, an aqueous solvent capable of dissolving the photoreactive polysaccharide, and any one substance selected from the group consisting of alcohol having compatibility with the aqueous solvent, a surfactant and a chelating agent; and irradiating the resulting frozen product with light, and a photocrosslinked-polysaccharide composition obtained by the process.

Abstract: A peptide having any one of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 13, preferably a peptide having any one of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 2 to 9 or a peptide having any one of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 10 and 15 to 17, is used as an active ingredient of an agent for promoting growth or differentiation of cells such as osteoblasts, chondroblasts, cementoblasts, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and periodontal ligament-derived cells.

Abstract: A process for producing a polysaccharide sponge comprises the steps of (A) freezing a photoreactive polysaccharide solution, and (B) irradiating the frozen photoreactive polysaccharide solution with light to crosslink the photoreactive polysaccharide, thereby obtaining the polysaccharide sponge. The process includes simplified steps requiring no removal of solvent, and has such an advantage that impurities are easily removed therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing a polysaccharide sponge comprises the steps of (A) freezing a photoreactive polysaccharide solution, and (B) irradiating the frozen photoreactive polysaccharide solution with light to crosslink the photoreactive polysaccharide, thereby obtaining the polysaccharide sponge. The process includes simplified steps requiring no removal of solvent, and has such an advantage that impurities are easily removed therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide manufacturing intermediates which can be led to useful ?-ketoamide compounds having protease-inhibiting activity extremely economically and stereoselectively, and to provide epoxycarboxamide compounds, azide compounds and amino alcohol compounds represented by the following formulae: wherein R1 and R2 each represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group; R3 represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, heterocyclic group, R6—O— or R7—N(R8)—; where R6 represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group; R7 and R8 each represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group, and, R4 and R5 represent the same groups as R7 and R8, respectively, and R4 and R5 optionally form a ring together; and X represents —O— or —N(R9)—, where R9 represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group, and X optionally forms a ring together with R4 or R5, and

Abstract: The present invention is to provide manufacturing intermediates which can be led to useful ?-ketoamide compounds having protease-inhibiting activity extremely economically and stereoselectively, and to provide epoxycarboxamide compounds, azide compounds and amino alcohol compounds represented by the following formulae: wherein R1 and R2 each represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group; R3 represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, heterocyclic group, R6—O— or R7—N(R8)—; where R6 represents alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group; R7 and R8 each represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, alkenyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group, and, R4 and R5 represent the same groups as R7 and R8, respectively, and R4 and R5 optionally form a ring together; and X represents —O— or —N(R9)—, where R9 represents hydrogen atom or alkyl group, and X optionally forms a ring together with R4 or R5, and

Abstract: A galectin-glycosaminoglycan complex and a method for controlling galectin activity.

Abstract: A catalyst which is capable of specifically cleaving one sugar chain or two or more sugar chains selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C and chondroitin sulfate D; a cleavage agent specific for the sugar chains; a medicament which is used for specifically cleaving the sugar chains in a living body tissue; a method for specifically cleaving the sugar chains; a method for specifically producing the sugar chain having a decreased molecular weight; and production methods for the catalyst, the cleavage agent and the medicament.