Abstract: A packing or unpacking machine having conveyor tracks for articles and containers, with transfer units that are guided in a circular path above these conveyer tracks. Each of the transfer units has a pick-up and carrier head on a support element that can be raised and lowered. A movement mechanism is provided for generating a relative movement for the pick-up and carrier heads relative to the support elements, with this relative movement being superimposed over the rotational movement of the support elements, so that during respective rotation of the support elements, which follow the circular path, the pick-up and carrier heads are moved in a common elliptical or elliptical-like overall path of revolution. In so doing, the respective pick-up and carrier heads are moved about a vertical axis such that a constant parallel position is maintained relative to the conveyer tracks.

Abstract: A horizontal-type filter press having a protective casing that surrounds at least the filter unit, including the support therefore. This protective casing prevents any leakage that might occur from the filter unit during filtration from adversely affecting operating personnel, from contaminating the filter unit, and from attracting insects or other animals. For the opened state of the filter press, the protective casing can be completely removed at least from the region of the filter elements of the filter unit, especially for being able to work on the filter elements, for providing an unobstructed exchange of the filter aids, and/or for the removal of usable or nonusable filter cakes.

Abstract: An arrangement for converting a multi-track stream of bottles to a single-track stream of bottles. An intermediate conveyer is disposed between a feeding mechanism, which is provided with guide rails, and a withdrawal mechanism, which is provided with guide rails. The upper sides of the conveyer belts of the intermediate conveyer form a conversion region in which the conveyer belts are disposed flushly adjacent one another in the shape of an inclined plane which is inclined transverse to the direction in which bottles are conveyed from the upper side of the feeding mechanism to the upper side of the withdrawal mechanism. The conversion region is formed by the upper sides of the conveyer belts of the intermediate conveyer and of the withdrawal mechanism. The track width of the conversion region corresponds to the track width of the heating mechanism, with the conversion region being disposed downstream of the feeding mechanism and essentially coinciding in level and track with the latter.

Abstract: An arrangement for converting a multi-track stream of bottles into a single-track stream of bottles. A conversion region is disposed between a feed mechanism that is provided with guide rails, and a withdrawing mechanism that is likewise provided with guide rails. The conversion region comprises a transfer plate and a conveying region of the withdrawing mechanism, with the conveyer belts of the latter being disposed at an angle to the transfer edge of the transfer plate. This transfer plate forms an essentially level transition between the conveyor belts of the feed mechanism and the conveyor belts of the conveying region of the withdrawing mechanism. Guide rails are also associated with the conversion region. These latter guide rails interconnect the guide rails of the feed mechanism and of the withdrawing mechanism. The track width of the transfer plate corresponds to the track width of the feed mechanism, and is disposed downstream of the latter when viewed in the direction of conveying.

Abstract: An electrically controlled filling element, for filling machines, having one or more actuating devices for one or more shutoff valves, which are disposed in the gas-conveying systems of the filling element and are actuated for control of the various filling processes, and/or for the valve actuating device of one or more liquid flow valves. These actuating devices are made insensitive to the penetration of moisture, for example cleaning liquid, by providing one or more of the actuating devices with a diaphragm which is operated by pressure medium, and by disposing the respective pressure medium control valves which control the supply of pressure medium separate and at a distance from the other parts of the filling element at a location of the filling machine which is protected from the entry of liquid. An additional shielding of the pressure medium control valve can be undertaken by providing a housing therefor.

Abstract: A filter press, for cake or precoat filtration, including one or more filter units, each of which includes slurry frames, filter plates, and support sheets or surfaces. Each of the filter plates is provided with at least one filtrate discharge, and each support sheet or surface, which is disposed on one side of a given filter plate, has associate therewith one of the slurry frames, which has a filling space which is directed toward the caking side of the support sheet or surface, an upper and lower connection for venting and discharge, and a supply conduit for medium which is to be filtered. Associated with each of the slurry frames is a distribution chamber which communicates with the filling space of one of each of the support sheets or surfaces, which are in a sealed state with the slurry frame via a press border. The communication is established via a partition which borders one of the filling spaces and extends parallel to the support sheet or surface.

Abstract: Separation of dissolved aluminum, copper, and other heavy metals and/or carbonates from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide containing wash solutions utilized during the mechanical cleaning of metal-clad containers, especially bottles. This separation is accomplished by adding calcium compounds and separating off the thereby formed precipitates from the wash solution. The specific calcium compound is added to the wash solution directly in the form of a solid compound. Calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide are preferably used as the calcium compounds, and are primarily added directly to the wash solution as a solid.

Abstract: A cake filtration apparatus in a structural unit which comprises a plate filter and a filtering aid-dosing device which includes an agitator. The drive parts for rotating the filter unit are disposed on the top wall of the filter housing, and are connected with the drive of the agitator by means of a transmission device and a freewheel coupling. The shaft of the filter unit is only sealingly and rotatably mounted in the vicinity of the bottom of the housing. The bottom plate, the height of which is adjustable for removal of the centrifuged filter cake, is constructed in the manner of a disk valve having a valve seat, and can be raised and lowered independently of the filter unit, so that for centrifuging and removal of the filter cake, the filter unit no longer has to be raised or in some other manner moved out of its operating position.

Abstract: A method and container cleaning machine for reducing the harmful materials which pass into the waste water from a bottle cleaning machine which includes a preliminary soaking tank, a subsequently arranged soaking and washing solution bath which includes at least one bath, and spraying sections which are arranged after the soaking and washing solution bath. Soaking solution is used as the bath solution for the preliminary soaking tank. At least a partial flow of the soaking solution is removed from the preliminary soaking tank, is cleaned, and is returned to a soaking bath of comparable wash solution concentration for further bottle handling while observing the bath solution levels which are to be maintained and while observing a sufficient wash solution regeneration. The used spray water from the spraying sections is withdrawn from the container cleaning machine while bypassing the preliminary soaking tank.