Abstract: Described herein is a method for determining second-order nonlinear optical coefficients of a material. The method envisages the steps of providing a specimen made at least in part of the material, causing a first optical signal and a second optical signal having, respectively, a first pulsation and a second pulsation, and a first polarization state and a second polarization state, to impinge upon the specimen in such a way that the specimen generates a second-harmonic optical signal having a third pulsation equal to the sum of the first and second pulsations, and a third polarization state that is a function of the first and second polarization states. The method further envisages the step of determining a plurality of measurements of power corresponding to the second-harmonic optical signal, and the step of determining the second-order nonlinear optical coefficients on the basis of the plurality of measurements of power.

Abstract: An antenna base provided of a hollow support body having a fixed lower portion and an upper portion aligned along a longitudinal axis, the upper portion being adapted to support an antenna and being rotationally mounted on the lower portion to rotate, in use, together with the antenna itself, about the longitudinal axis; the antenna base being further provided with an electric motor, which is adapted to rotate the upper portion and is provided for this purpose with a stator integral with the lower integral and of a rotor integral with the upper portion and coaxial with the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Structures and methods for a tunable waveguide radiating element are disclosed. The waveguide radiating element comprises a rectangular tube, which includes partially filled dielectric slabs that are disposed on parallel planes and incident on a lower edge of the element's mouth. The faces of each slab are engraved with a number of concentric SRR squares that present a gap on one of its sides. The distance between any two consecutive slabs may vary. The gaps of the outmost square may be arranged in such a way that, on the facing sides of two adjacent slabs, the gaps are rotated with respect to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) power device (1) including a semi-insulating substrate (2); an epitaxial substrate (3) formed on the semi-insulating substrate (2) a contact layer (19). The contact layer (19) includes a lightly doped contact layer (20) formed on the Schottky layer (18), and a highly doped contact layer (21) formed on the lightly doped contact layer (20) and having a doping concentration higher than the lightly doped contact layer (20). The PHEMT power device (1) further includes a—wide recess (23) formed to penetrate the highly doped contact layer (21) and a narrow recess (24) formed in the wide recess (23) to penetrate the lightly doped contact layer (20). The gate electrode (6) is formed in the narrow recess (24) and in Schottky contact with the Schottky layer (18).

Abstract: Optical logic gate having a second-harmonic generator element that receives a first and a second optical input signal respectively having a first and a second angular frequency and respectively having a first and a second polarization, and which provides a second-harmonic optical signal having a third angular frequency and a third polarization. The third angular frequency is equal to the sum of the first and the second angular frequency. The third polarization is a function of the first and the second polarization. The second-harmonic generator element includes a second-harmonic generator layer in a material having a non-null second-order optical tensor.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a system for monitoring the utilization of personal protective equipment by workers in the workplace. Said system comprises a set of first slave electronic modules, each of which is paired to a corresponding piece of personal protective equipment to be used in said workplace and is configured to store information that identifies said corresponding piece of personal protective equipment.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of manufacturing a vertical PIN diode comprising: providing an epitaxial wafer comprising a vertically stacked N-type layer, intrinsic layer and P-type layer; forming an anode contact of the vertical PIN diode by forming an anode metallization on a first portion of the P-type layer defining an anode region; forming an electrically insulating layer around the anode region such that a first portion of the intrinsic layer extends vertically between the N-type layer and the anode region and second portions of the intrinsic layer extend vertically between the N-type layer and the electrically insulating layer; forming a trench in the electrically insulating layer and in the second portions of the intrinsic layer so as to expose a portion of the N-type layer defining a cathode region and to define a sacrificial side-guard ring consisting of a portion of the electrically insulating layer that extends laterally between the trench and the anode region and laterally surrounds said anode

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (1) for supporting, housing and cooling radiant modules (2) of an antenna, comprising a plate (3) for cooling said radiant modules (2) that can be fixed to means for supporting said antenna, said plate (3) having an upper surface and a lower surface; characterized in that it comprises a plurality of projecting guides (5) provided at least on one of said surfaces of said plate (3), so that each pair of said projecting guides (5) adjacent with surface on which are provided realize housing seats (6), in each one of which one of said radiant modules (2) is introduced; and pressing means (7, 15, 16, 17), integrated with said projecting guides (5), apt exerting a pressure on said radiant modules (2) so as to obtain a substantially uniform coupling between each of them and the surface of said plate (3) on which said projecting guides (5) are provided. The invention further relates to an array antenna.

Abstract: An apparatus (computer coupled to risk and planning data repositories) and method are provided which, upon finding well in advance possible delays of time references of end task or key milestone of a project (or interdependent projects) in life cycle, due to potential risks, calculate and output a set of values (coefficients matrix). These coefficients represent a two-way link between each risk and each milestone and their values estimate the contribution of a specific risk to a specific task/milestone. For each risk, it is possible to highlight the contribution of such risk to possible shift of the whole set of project tasks/milestones; at the same time, for each project task/milestone, the coefficients highlight the contribution of the whole set of risks to the time shift of such milestone/task. The coefficients values address more effectively reduction actions of the possible project/tasks delays. Similar results pare achieved for multi-interdependent-projects.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a high frequency, cold cathode, triode-type, field-emitter vacuum tube including a cathode structure, an anode structure spaced from the cathode structure, and a control grid, wherein the cathode structure and the anode structure are formed separately and bonded together with the interposition of spacers, and the control grid is integrated in the anode structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a radar for the control of civil aerial traffic, comprising a secondary radar (100) including a transmitter (110) and a receiver (120), and an antenna (500) of a secondary radar, wherein the signal at 1030 MHz, exiting the transmitter (110), is sent and transmitted into the air by the antenna (500), the antenna (500) receiving a response signal at 1090 MHz and a signal at 1030 MHz of reflection by aircraft, the signal at 1090 MHz being sent to the receiver (120), characterised in that it comprises a radar signal receiving and elaboration unit (200), said receiving and elaboration unit (200) receiving by said antenna (500) the reflection signal at 1030 MHz and being provided with means (300, 400) for the coherent elaboration of the same in order to extract the aircraft position.

Abstract: The invention concerns a Optical modulator, comprising an input suitable to receive an optical carrier, a high-frequency input and an output suitable to transmit an optical signal, the optical modulator comprising two Mach-Zender (1,2) modulators in parallel between the input and output, which constitute two different optical paths, the whole circuit constituting a third Mach-Zender modulator (3), the optical modulator being characterised in that: the first Mach-Zender modulator (1) is provided with an electrode suitable to carry, inside the modulator (1), two signals (RF1, RF2), each obtained by the sum of the two tones fR and fD, of equal power but dephased of ?/2, being further provided an electrode (Bias 1) for realising a Single Side Band modulation of the tones fR and fD; the second Mach-Zender modulator (2) is provided with an electrode (Bias 2) to realise statically a phase inversion of the optical carrier; the third Mach-Zender modulator (3) comprising an electrode (Bias 3) suitable to realise the

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical frequency shifter (1) provided with: an electro-optical substrate (3) having a main surface (3a); an optical waveguide structure (2) formed in the substrate (3) and having two waveguide portions (7), which are spaced apart by a distance (S) such as to ensure mutual optical coupling therebetween; and an electrode structure (10) arranged above the main surface (3a) of the substrate (3) and having at least a first electrode (11). The substrate (3) has a Z-cut crystalline structure with Z crystal axis orthogonal to the main surface (3a) and comprises two oppositely poled portions (20, 21) having opposite orientations of the Z crystal axis; the two waveguide portions (7) are arranged underneath the first electrode (11), each in a respective one of the two oppositely poled portions (20, 21).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a digital electro-optical switch (1) comprising: an electro-optical substrate (3); a Y-shaped optical waveguide (2) formed in the substrate (3) and including an input branch (4) configured to be connected to an input optical waveguide, and two output branches (5) configured to be connected to respective output optical waveguides; and electrically conductive electrodes (6, 7) formed on the substrate (3) and including an inner electrode (7) arranged between the output branches (5), substantially at a branching area of the optical waveguide (2), and two outer electrodes (6) arranged outside the output branches (5), on opposite sides of the inner electrode (7), the outer electrodes (6) being electrically operable to make the electro-optical switch (1) operative between a first switching state wherein transmission of optical energy is enhanced between the input branch (4) and a first one of the output branches (5), and substantially inhibited in a second one of the output branches (5), and a se

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detecting device for detecting an SSR signal having a characteristic structure. The detecting device comprises filtering means matched to the characteristic structure of the SSR signal, and means for maintaining a false-alarm rate at a substantially constant value. The characteristic structure of the SSR signal comprises either a preamble or an initial pulse and a final pulse separated by a fixed dwell time. The means for maintaining a false-alarm rate at a substantially constant value comprise computing means configured to compute a detection threshold on the basis of a signal supplied by the filtering means, and decision means configured to detect the SSR signal on the basis of the detection threshold and of the signal supplied by the filtering means.