Abstract: A cast piston, for an internal combustion engine or pump has an integral coolant ring gallery, with localized extensions, to achieve a coolant interchange with the gallery upon piston reciprocation. At least a portion of an extension lies generally parallel to the longitudinal piston axis and towards an upper end of the piston adjacent the working fluid. This provides an attendant increase in surface area exposed to coolant allowing either a decrease in operational piston temperature or an increase in allowable heat flow into the piston from a working fluid.

Abstract: In a mechanical fuel pump control device for a diesel engine, air at intake manifold pressure is fed to an actuator that is used to control the amount of fuel being injected into the engine cylinders. The mechanism is designed such that an increase in air pressure reduces fuelling and a decrease in air pressure increases fuelling. By this means the engine's (rotational) speed is held substantially constant at a predetermined value, the variation in (rotational) speed with increasing load (speed droop) being controllable within the design by altering the effective rate of fuel increase for given pressure decrease.

Abstract: A piston and connecting rod assembly configured for high compressive loading, or arduous duty cycle, such as in a two-stroke compression-ignition (diesel) internal combustion engine incorporates a spherical or cylindrical bearing between the piston and the connecting rod small end. A closed unitary retaining ring with a threaded circumference securing the piston and connecting rod together. The retaining ring has a profiled aperture or slot to allow installation by passage over the connecting rod.

Abstract: In a piston and connecting rod assembly, for an internal combustion engine with a spherical connecting rod small-end entrained in a hollow piston body by a retention ring, a chamber serving as a localized reservoir for lubricant and/or coolant (oil) is incorporated in the underside of a piston crown along with passages or grooves communicating between the reservoir and a coolant gallery in the piston crown for continuous interchange of lubricant (such as oil) between gallery and reservoir and then lubricant return, over small end (upper and lower) part-spherical bearing surfaces to the retention ring and through lubricant passages in the ring to an engine crankcase, thereby affording an overall circulatory, lubricant feed and drainage path.