Abstract: The present invention relates to a retinal ganglion cell death suppressor comprising a BMPR signal transduction inhibitor, a drug comprising a BMPR signal transduction inhibitor for protecting retinal neurons, and a pharmaceutical composition using these for preventing or treating a disease involving retinal ganglion cell death, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vascular occlusion.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a hydrogel having a favorable shape stability not only after releasing an anionic drug contained but also in the process of releasing such an anionic drug, compared with the conventional techniques; and an anionic drug-containing ophthalmic device obtained by applying the hydrogel. The objective can be achieved by an anionic drug-containing ophthalmic device comprising: (1) an anionic drug; and (2) a copolymer which comprises a cationic monomer and a monomer capable of copolymerizing with the cationic monomer, wherein the cationic monomer comprises, as a structural component, a condensation product of (meth)acrylic acid with an aminoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound having a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or a salt of the condensation product; and the like.

Abstract: A peptide fragment isolated from proline-rich protein 4 (PRP4) has a neuroprotective action. The peptide can be a neuroprotective drug in a preventive or alleviative pharmaceutical composition. The peptide can be used in a neuropathic treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for treating or preventing a disease, a disorder or a condition of a corneal endothelium, said agent comprising a corneal endothelial cell and a myosin II-specific inhibitor. More specifically, the myosin II-specific inhibitor is blebbistatin. The disease, the disorder or the condition is typically a disorder associated with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy or corneal endothelial dysfunction (bullous keratopathy). Also provided is a method for treating or preventing a corneal endothelial disease, said method comprising a step of administering an effective amount of a myosin II-specific inhibitor together with a corneal endothelial cell to a subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a composition for treating or preventing symptoms, disorders, or diseases of the corneal endothelium. The present invention specifically provides a composition which is for treating or preventing symptoms, disorders, or diseases of the corneal endothelium, and includes (T)EW-7197 (N-((4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-fluoroaniline), a derivative thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate of any of the foregoing.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a PACAP peptide having increased stability. The problem is solved by the discovery that substituting a carboxy group of the position 3 and/or position 8 aspartic acid in the PACAP sequence by tetrazole significantly enhances stability.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peptide which has a neuroprotective action, a neuroprotective drug and neuropathic treatment containing said peptide, and a preventive or alleviative pharmaceutical composition. This is based on the finding that a peptide fragment isolated from proline-rich protein 4 (PRP4) has a neuroprotective action.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into clinically applicable retinal ganglion cells. The present invention provides a method for inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells that can be used for clinical application. Such method is a method for producing retinal ganglion cells with elongated axons comprising the following steps: (a) a step of inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into retinal progenitor cells via floating culture; (b) a step of inducing the retinal progenitor cells obtained in step (a) to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells via floating culture; and (c) a step of allowing axons to elongate via adhesion culture of the retinal ganglion cells obtained in step (b).

Abstract: The present invention provides a stable and clear aqueous liquid preparation containing (3-{2-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]ethyl}-5-methyl-1,2-benzisoxazol-6-yl) oxyacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and bensalkonium chloride represented by the formula: [C6H5CH2N(CH3)2R]Cl wherein R is an alkyl group having 8-18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polymer gel that can increase drug content ratio and reduce undesirable influence on gel strength and shape stability after the drug release, compared with the conventional techniques. The purpose can be achieved by an anionic drug-containing medical device comprising: (1) an anionic drug; and (2) a copolymer which contains, as constituents, a cationic monomer comprising a condensation product of an alkyl quaternary ammonium compound having a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group and (meth)acrylic acid or a salt of the condensation product and a monomer capable of copolymerizing with the condensation product or the salt of the condensation product.

Abstract: A peptide which has a neuroprotective action, a neuroprotective drug and neuropathic treatment containing the peptide, and a preventive or alleviative pharmaceutical composition. The peptide comprises proline-rich protein 4 having the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or a partial sequence thereof, or a modified sequence thereof, which has a neuroprotective action.

Abstract: There are provided a check valve structure that not only prevents backflow of fluid but does not discharge fluid for unintended pressure in a correct direction, and a squeeze container using the check valve structure. A squeeze container includes a container and a nozzle member attached to an opening of the container. The nozzle member is provided with a check valve structure that is closed in an unloaded state, and that blocks a flow of fluid from downstream and allows a flow of fluid from upstream. The check valve structure is opened when an elastic valve element elastically deforms in two stages due to pressure of fluid from upstream (container).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into clinically applicable retinal ganglion cells. The present invention provides a method for inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells that can be used for clinical application. Such method is a method for producing retinal ganglion cells with elongated axons comprising the following steps: (a) a step of inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into retinal progenitor cells via floating culture; (b) a step of inducing the retinal progenitor cells obtained in step (a) to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells via floating culture; and (c) a step of allowing axons to elongate via adhesion culture of the retinal ganglion cells obtained in step (b).

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technique for formulating a two-layer separation-type ophthalmic solution in which, during storage, an aqueous layer and an oil-containing layer containing squalane are separated from each other, wherein it is possible to homogeneously disperse the oil-containing layer in the aqueous layer while suppressing foaming by shaking the ophthalmic solution before administration, and the homogeneous dispersed state is maintained in a stable manner at least until administration. A two-layer separation-type ophthalmic solution containing squalane and water, wherein hyaluronic acid and/or a salt thereof and polyvinyl alcohol are contained in the ophthalmic solution and the polyvinyl alcohol content is set to 0.025 to 0.

Abstract: Provided are: emulsion eyedrops which have no concern with possible corneal injury induced by a nonionic surfactant, have excellent thermal stability and physical stability and can contain a sparingly water-soluble drug in an increased amount; and an emulsion eyedrops stabilization method. The emulsion eyedrops contain castor oil and poly(vinyl alcohol), wherein the concentration of castor oil is 5 to 20 w/v %, the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) is 2 to 7 w/v %, and the ratio of the weight of castor oil to the weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) is 1.2 to 5. The emulsion eyedrops stabilization method is characterized by preparing emulsion eyedrops containing castor oil and poly(vinyl alcohol), wherein the concentration of castor oil is 5 to 20 w/v %, the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) is 2 to 7 w/v %, and the ratio of the weight of castor oil to the weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) is 1.2 to 5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a squeeze container capable of reducing remaining contents without greatly compressing and deforming the vicinity of a shoulder portion thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for treating and/or preventing peripheral nerve disorder by facilitating regeneration of peripheral nerves. Specifically, the present invention provides a composition for treating and/or preventing peripheral nerve disorder comprising a compound represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1 is lower alkyl substituted with lower alkoxy, lower alkyl substituted with a heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic group, or a group represented by the formula (IIa): R4?O—R5?m??(IIa) wherein R4 is lower alkyl, R5 is lower alkylene, and m is an integer of 1 to 6; R2 is lower alkyl optionally substituted with phenyl; and R3 is lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, lower alkoxy, or phenyl; condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon; or hydrogen.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an agent for preventing or treating corneal disorders, such as corneal epithelial disorder, dry eye, and reduction in corneal sensitivity. This object is achieved by using angiopoietin-like protein 7 as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peptide which has a neuroprotective action, a neuroprotective drug and neuropathic treatment containing said peptide, and a preventive or alleviative pharmaceutical composition. This is based on the finding that a peptide fragment isolated from proline-rich protein 4 (PRP4) has a neuroprotective action.

Abstract: The present invention is an intraocular surgery system using a Venturi pump and capable of preventing clogging due to nucleus fragments, despite a reduced aspiration flow rate.