Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for communication in an IoT system. The systems and method utilize a single grammar to communicate data from controller to sensor and points in between. In one embodiment, the systems and method are utilized in a debug mode, where the grammar is in a human-readable format. In a further embodiment, the human-readable grammar is a markup language, composed of tags and metadata.

Abstract: In a method of integrating one or more l-dimensional filters into a digital image stream interface a single digital video input is processed by multiple 1-dimensional digital image filters, especially recursive filters, and combined into a single digital image stream which can be transmitted via a high-speed interface to a host computer's memory such that each 1-dimensional filter output can be automatically extracted and placed into its own separate memory buffer for subsequent processing by a secondary image processing device. This additional processing can include the second pass of a two-pass separable filter implemented in software on a general-purpose CPU, and in particular can result in the generation of an image pyramid. This combined hardware and software approach can produce low-cost 2-D digital image filter implementations small enough to be added to existing standard ASIC's while still retaining high performance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed whereby a person signs an electronic document using a personal biometric. A sample of biometric data is collected from the person at the time of the signing of the document, and encrypted with the document itself and various other data to form a digital signature. The encryption technique utilized irrefutably couples the biometric data with the document. To authenticate the coupling, an authenticator signature is generated using the original data and is then compared with the original signature to verify a match there between. The biometric data used to generate the authenticator signature is then matched with a sample provided by an alleged signer of the document to verify his or her identity.

Abstract: A micro-illuminator suitable for illuminating the iris of the eye of a subject wearing eyeglasses for the purpose of imaging of the iris for identification of the individual comprises an LED having a micro-lens having an opaque portion sized to block light reflected from the substrate of an LED and a lens for focusing light directly emitted by the dies of the LED. The elimination of the reflected light and the focusing of the directly emitted light minimizes the size of specularities reflected from the surfaces of the subject's eyeglasses.

Abstract: In a method for correlating two stereo images, the images are subjected to a Laplacian operator and further processed to produce reduced gray scale Laplacian images in which the pixels have a value of +1, 0 or −1. Then the two images are overlapped to produce pairs of overlapping pixels. The values of the two overlapping pixels are summed in a manner so that if both pixels are +1 or both pixels are −1 the summed value is +1, if one pixel is +1 and the other pixel is −1, the resulting sum is −1 and if one or both pixel are zero, the resulting sum is zero. All of the sums or correlation values in regions about each pixel in the two overlapping images are added together to get a new correlation value for each pixel in the overlap resulting in a correlation image. Then, the two Laplacian images are shifted relative to one another and correlation values are again computed for this new overlap.

Abstract: The precision cable drive system of the present invention consists generally of a frame upon which is mounted the components of the drive. These include a motor having a drive shaft, a plurality of idler pulleys, a tensioner, and a drive pulley, to which the object being rotated is connected. A cable composed of woven polymer fibers is wrapped around the shaft of the motor and is stretched around the idler pulleys, the tensioner and the drive pulley. The drive is capable of rotating the drive pulley, and the load attached to it, by fractions of a degree, without play between the motor shaft and the drive pulley. The drives are used in a compact image steering device to rotate cameras and illuminators about two axis of rotation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting and securely transmitting biometric data over a network contains a sensor, preferably a camera, for collecting biometric data and code generating hardware and software. The camera data is digitized and a unique code which is a function of the digitized camera data, a secret key and a transaction token is attached to the digital file. The code may identify the sensor which acquired the biometric information, a time at which the biometric information was acquired, or a time interval during which the data is considered to be valid, and a unique transaction code. The data and code are transmitted over a network to a server which authenticates that the data has not been altered by recomputing the code using its own knowledge of the secret key and transaction token needed to generate the code. If the data is authentic the server then computes a biometric template using the data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting and securely transmitting biometric data over a network contains a sensor, preferably a camera, for collecting biometric data and code generating hardware and software. The camera data is digitized and a unique code which is a function of the digitized camera data, a secret key and a transaction token is attached to the digital file. The code may identify the sensor which acquired the biometric information, a time at which the biometric information was acquired, or a time interval during which the data is considered to be valid, and a unique transaction code. The data and code are transmitted over a network to a server which authenticates that the data has not been altered by recomputing the code using its own knowledge of the secret key and transaction token needed to generate the code. If the data is authentic the server then computes a biometric template using the data.

Abstract: A compact image steering and focusing device has a generally rectangular frame containing at least one illuminator and at least one and preferably two cameras and a pan/tilt mirror on a tilting frame. There is a tilt axis through the frame. A tilt motor is attached to the frame to turn the frame about the tilt axis. Another camera is positioned in optical alignment with the pan/tilt mirror. The device can fit behind the cover plate of an automated teller machine. Images from the cameras on the titling frame are used to focus the other camera on one eye of the automated teller machine user to identify the user by iris analysis and comparison to an iris image or iris code on file.

Abstract: A system and method of positioning an eye of a subject at a selected point in space uses a holographic optical element containing indicia. The indicia are selectively visible to a user when the user is outside a volume surrounding the selected point and direct the user toward the volume. This system can be used with a camera to take an image of the eye from which the subject can be identified.

Abstract: A reliable method of illuminating and imaging an eye through eyeglasses uses a carefully selected subset of multiple monochromatic light sources, a camera with an imager that exhibits minimal blooming, and a narrow-bandwidth optical bandpass filter to filter out most of the ambient illumination while passing most of the light from the system's own illuminator.

Abstract: A reliable method and apparatus for illuminating and imaging eyes uses multiple light sources producing multiple images of a subject each created under illumination by different illuminators. A composite image of the subject is formed by selecting pixels based upon their gray scale values or using pyramid image processing. A composite image can be created which is free of bright spots commonly caused by reflection of illumination from eyeglasses that may be worn by a subject or for which is free of dark shadows or which is free of both bright spots and dark shadows.

Abstract: A reliable method of illuminating and imaging an eye through eyeglasses uses a monochromatic light source with the smallest possible source area, a camera with an imager that exhibits minimal blooming, and a narrow-bandwidth optical bandpass filter to filter out most of the ambient illumination while passing most of the light from the system's own illuminator. In an alternative embodiment, a partially-transparent mirror is used to make the light source appear to be on the optical axis of the camera as viewed from the subject's eye.

Abstract: A system and method of positioning a head of a subject to be photographed by a single camera uses a mirror and at least one collimated light beam. The single camera is positioned so that there is a selected specific location in space within a field of view of the camera at which the head or eye of the subject is desired to be positioned. A light source directs a collimated light beam or light sheet so that the light beam or light sheet intersects a line running from the mirror through the selected specific location in space and can be seen by an eye at the selected specific location in space that is looking at the mirror. The user is told to position his head across from the mirror and move his head until he sees the collimated light beam or light sheet and his eye in the mirror. When the subject is so positioned the single camera can take an image of the eye from which the subject can be identified. If desired a second mirror can be used in place of the light source.

Abstract: In a method of image subtraction a series of frames of a subject are taken using a video camera The subject is illuminated in a manner so that illumination is alternately on then off for successive fields within the image frame. A single frame is grabbed and an absolute difference between the odd field and the even field within that single image frame is determined. The resulting absolute difference image will represent the subject as illuminated by the system illumination only, and not by any ambient illumination, and can then be used to identify the subject in the image.

Abstract: A compact image steering and focusing device has a generally rotatable platform that carries a pan/tilt mirror. The rotatable platform, at least one motor driven lens and a camera are mounted on a housing. Two drive motors each with an associated cable are provided to rotate the rotatable platform and tilt the mirror. Light reflected from a subject is captured by the mirror and directed through the lens to the camera. The device can fit behind the cover plate of an automated teller machine. This system is preferably used with a narrow field of view camera and two wide field of view cameras. Images from the wide field of view cameras are used to focus the narrow field of view camera on one eye of the automated teller machine user to identify the user by iris analysis and comparison to an iris image on file.

Abstract: A method is described for selecting an enrollment image or standard from multiple close-up images of a subject such as a human eye. The selected image is the one image that best represents the appearance of that subject to an image processing system which identifies subjects by comparison of later taken images of subject to the selected image.

Abstract: In a method of determining whether an image of an eye is in focus a set of pixels is selected along a line passing through the pupil/iris boundary such that the set contains at least 5 iris portion pixels and at least 5 pupil portion pixels. Statistical values, preferably median values, are computed for all iris pixels in the selected set and for all pupil pixels in the selected set. The step size between the iris pixels and the pupil pixels is computed and absolute gradient values are computed for each pixel. The pixel having a largest absolute gradient value is excluded and an average of the absolute gradient values of the remaining pixels is found. If that average divided by the step size is greater than 0.5 the image is in focus and can be used for identifying a subject whose eye is in the image using iris identification techniques.