Abstract: Composition having a blue color including a buffer, an anthocyanin, and a divalent ion source. The composition may comprise an anthocyanin and a divalent ion source, wherein the average variation of ?E*ab of the composition is less than 30% of the average variation of ?E*ab of a control composition after exposure of the composition and the control composition to a 400 to 765 W/m2 light source for a period of time. The composition may comprise an anthocyanin and a divalent ion source, wherein the composition exhibits a less than 20% change in the area beneath the reflectance colorimeter spectral curve of the composition from 430 nm to 530 nm measured over a period of time. In another aspect, a method of stabilizing a blue colorant is provided. The method may comprise combining a buffer, an anthocyanin, and a divalent ion source.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: A modified pigment that may include a polymer. The pigment may be directly attached to a nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atom may be attached directly or indirectly to a group that may include —S-Z. S may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or polymer chain having a molecular weight range from about 300 to about 20000. Z may be a hydrogen, carboxyl, sulfonyl, phenolic, phosphoryl, ammonium, trimethylammonium, or tributylammonium group. Also, a modified pigment that may include a polymer. The pigment may be attached to an organic group through a carbon atom that is part of a N—C?N bond. A cosmetic formulation that may include a pigment covalently bonded to an organic group.

Abstract: A method of imparting flavor to an edible substrate by precision depositing a first food grade flavored wax onto a surface of an edible substrate. A method of providing a flavored image on an edible substrate by ink jet printing a food grade colored fluid on an edible substrate to create an image and applying a food grade flavored wax onto the edible substrate. A method of imparting flavor to an edible substrate by applying a food grade flavored wax onto the edible substrate and applying a food grade flavored fluid onto the edible substrate.

Abstract: Compositions including colorants surface-treated with silicone polyurethanes, and methods for making surface-treated colorant products, are provided. Cosmetic, . . . personal care, skin care, nail and hair products including the surface treated colorants are disclosed. Also provided are methods for improving the hydrophobicity, or the adherence to the surface of skin, of a colorant. The methods include surface-treating a colorant with an effective amount of a silicone polyurethane to form a surface-treated colorant having an improved hydrophobilicy or an improved adherence to a skin surface compared to the colorant before surface-treatment.

Abstract: An edible substrate treated with an edible substrate enhancer and printed with an image. Methods for treating edible substrates with an edible substrate enhancer, and for printing an image onto the treated edible substrate are provided.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X-[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N-S-ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a-X-(N-S-ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a-X-(N-S-ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each N-S-ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of imparting pearlescence to a food product that includes applying a ready-to-use dispersion to a food product using confectionery panning, where the ready-to-use dispersion includes a pearlescent pigment, a cellulose derivative in an amount sufficient to enhance viscosity of the dispersion and impart a barrier coat to the food product, and a wax in an amount sufficient to impart a gloss to the food product. A method of incorporating a pearlescent pigment into a food product that includes applying a dispersion to a food product using panning, where the dispersion includes a pearlescent pigment, a viscosity enhancer, a fluid carrier, and a gloss agent.

Abstract: An ink composition that includes a self-dispersing pigment that has about 0.02 to about 1.0 mMoles of S and about 0.2 to about 2.0 mMoles of active hydrogen per gram of pigment, water, and an organic solvent. A method of making an ink composition that includes sulfonating a pigment, subsequently oxidizing the pigment to produce a modified pigment, and incorporating the modified pigment into an ink.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: A method of imparting flavor to an edible substrate by precision depositing a first food grade flavored fluid onto a surface of an edible substrate. A method of providing a flavored image on an edible substrate by ink jet printing a food grade colored fluid, where the food grade colored fluid includes a food grade dye, a food grade glycol, and a surface tension modifier to create an image and spraying a food grade flavored fluid onto the edible substrate. In addition, a method of providing a flavored image on an edible substrate by ink jet printing a food grade colored fluid to create an image and spraying a food grade flavored fluid comprising a food grade flavor and a food grade glycol onto the edible substrate.