Abstract: A position-sensitive radiation counting detector includes a first and a second substrate. A gas is contained within the gap between the substrates. A photocathode layer is coupled to the first substrate and faces the second substrate. A first electrode is coupled to the second substrate and a second electrode is electrically coupled to the first electrode. A first impedance is coupled to the first electrode and a power supply is coupled to at least one electrode. A first discharge event detector is coupled to one of the electrodes for detecting a gas discharge event in the electrode. The radiation counting detector further includes a plurality of pixels, each capable of outputting a gas discharge counting event pulse upon interaction with radiation received from the photocathode. Each gas discharge pulse is counted as having an approximately equal value.

Abstract: A method is provided for activating a zirconia oxygen sensor which detects the oxygen concentration of an ambient atmosphere by means of a zirconia element that has a porous electrode formed on both sides of an impervious oxygen ion conductor. An electrical current is applied as a pulsed, square wave, direct current during heat up, heat soak, and cool down of the ionic conductor that is applied to ceramic substrate, thereby causing oxygen ions to flowing through the sensor body and pumping oxygen gas through the sensor electrodes, thus improving electrode porosity distribution.

Abstract: A pressure-actuated floor mat, mattress or chair pressure sensor is enclosed within a flexible protective envelope that is provided with active electronic devices that can monitor the state of the sensor but which can also wirelessly transmit signals carrying information from the sensor-detecting electronics. Radio signals carrying information about the sensor are transduced or emitted from a small antenna within, or attached to the one of the envelopes surfaces. A receiver receives the signals emitted from the antenna and relays the information to a remote patient monitoring system is realized by the electronics and sensor within a disposable protective envelope.

Abstract: Improvements to the art of orientation measurement are disclosed whereby the phase angle of each of the plurality of orientation dependent radiation patterns is measured at a single common and unique point of measurement on the observation surface and correspondingly in the image of the observation surface, and whereby a central landmark is located at the point of measurement without loss of accuracy in the determination of the plurality of phase angles of orientation dependent radiation so that the precise point of measurement can be determined in the image without errors introduced by an offset between the positions of landmarks and the position of phase angle measurement.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: A remote wireless network includes a plurality of sensors/transmitters wherein each sensor is uniquely identifiable and lends its unique identity to the transmitter to which it is attached.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: A radiation counting detector includes a first and a second substrate. A gas is contained within the gap between the substrates. A photocathode layer is coupled to one side of the first substrate and faces the second substrate. A first electrode is coupled to the second substrate and a second electrode is electrically coupled to the first electrode. A first impedance is coupled to the first electrode and a second impedance is coupled to the second electrode. A power supply is coupled to at least one electrode. A first discharge event detector is coupled to the first impedance and a second discharge event detector is coupled to the second impedance. The radiation counting detector further includes a plurality of pixels, each capable of outputting a gas discharge pulse upon interaction with radiation received from the photocathode. Each gas discharge pulse is counted as an individual event having an approximately equal value.

Abstract: A plasma panel based ionizing-photon radiation detector includes an input and output substrate with gamma-ray to free-electron conversion occurring primarily on the input plate and a sealed discharge gas between the substrates. X-electrodes and Y-electrodes are formed on the two substrates and configured to form a plurality of pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes and a power supply is coupled to the X-electrodes. Discharge event detectors coupled to impedances detect discharge events on the Y electrodes and at the pixel locations, which leads to the detection of ionizing-photon radiation.

Abstract: A method of sensor conditioning is proposed for improving signal output stability and differentiation between responses to different gases such as exhaust from combustion processes. A square wave (or saw tooth) voltage pulses of opposite polarity and equivalent amplitude are applied between sensor electrodes. Pulses are separated by pauses, when charging power supply is disconnected from the sensor and sensor discharge is recorded. Useful information regarding concentration of analyzed gases can be extracted from two measurement methods.: 1. Measuring open circuit voltage decay during the pause immediately following voltage pulse. 2. Measuring the charging current during positive (negative) pulses and the discharging current during pauses following voltage pulses.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: A plasma panel based ionizing-photon radiation detector includes an input and output substrate with gamma-ray to free-electron conversion occurring primarily on the input plate and a sealed discharge gas between the substrates. X-electrodes and Y-electrodes are formed on the two substrates and configured to form a plurality of pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes and a power supply is coupled to the X-electrodes. Discharge event detectors coupled to impedances detect discharge events on the Y electrodes and at the pixel locations, which leads to the detection of ionizing-photon radiation.

Abstract: A plasma panel based ionizing-photon radiation detector includes an input and output substrate with gamma-ray to free-electron conversion occurring primarily on the input plate and a sealed discharge gas between the substrates. X-electrodes and Y-electrodes are formed on the two substrates and configured to form a plurality of pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes and a power supply is coupled to the X-electrodes. Discharge event detectors coupled to impedances detect discharge events on the Y electrodes and at the pixel locations, which leads to the detection of ionizing-photon radiation.

Abstract: A self-contained, integrated micro-cube-sized inertial measurement unit is provided wherein accuracy is achieved through the use of specifically oriented sensors, the orientation serving to substantially cancel noise and other first-order effects, and the use of a noise-reducing algorithm such as wavelet cascade denoising and an error correcting algorithm such as a Kalman filter embedded in a digital signal processor device. In a particular embodiment, a pair of three sets of angle rate sensors are orientable triaxially in opposite directions, wherein each set is mounted on a different sector of a base orientable normal to the other two and comprising N gyroscopes oriented at 360/N-degree increments, where N?2. At least one accelerometer is included to provide triaxial data. Signals are output from the angle rate sensors and accelerometer for calculating a change in attitude, position, angular rate, acceleration, and/or velocity of the unit.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: A radiation counting detector includes a first substrate and a second substrate that is generally parallel to first substrate and forms a gap with the first substrate. A gas is contained within the gap. A photocathode layer is coupled to one side of the first substrate and faces the second substrate. A first electrode is coupled to the second substrate and a second electrode is electrically coupled to the first electrode. A first impedance is coupled to the first electrode and a second impedance is coupled to the second electrode. A power supply is coupled to at least one of the electrodes. A first discharge event detector is coupled to the first impedance and a second discharge event detector is coupled to the second impedance. The radiation counting detector further includes a plurality of pixels, each capable of outputting a gas discharge pulse upon interaction with radiation received from the photocathode. Each gas discharge pulse is counted as having an approximately equal value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems or apparatuses for analyzing fluids. More particularly the present invention relates to apparatuses and methods that employ impedance spectroscopy (IS) for analyzing fuels. Fuels of interest include biofuel, particularly biodiesel. Hand-held and “in-line” IS apparatuses are disclosed.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: A radiation detector is formed from a plasma panel that includes a front substrate, and a back substrate that forms a generally parallel gap with the front substrate. X (column) and Y (row) electrodes are coupled by gas discharge events to define one or more pixels. Impedances are coupled to the X and Y electrodes, and a power supply is coupled to one or both types of electrodes. Discharge event detectors are coupled to the impedances.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining location information associated with a source of radiation includes a generator configured to emit a pattern of radiation in response to radiation received from the source, and a radiation pattern sensor disposed in a substantially fixed orientation relative to the generator to sense the emitted pattern of radiation. The pattern of radiation has a least one intensity maximum characterized by a position that indicates a bearing of the source of radiation. A related method includes receiving radiation from a source of radiation, generating a pattern of radiation, and extracting data associated with the angular bearing of the source.