Abstract: Carbamoyl esters inhibit cholinesterase activity and, upon hydrolysis release a pharmacologically active agent. In one embodiment, the carbamoyl ester has the following structure: wherein A is selected from the group consisting of an unsubstituted aryl, a substituted aryl, an unsubstituted heteroaryl and a substituted heteroaryl. The carbamoyl esters are employed in methods to treat an individual. The pharmacologically active agent obtained by hydrolysis of the carbamoyl esters can treat, for example, a nervous system condition, a cholinergic deficiency and conditions or diseases associated with a deficiency in a pharmacologically active agent, such as acetylcholine.

Abstract: Mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease are treated with an amphetamine compound. In one embodiment, the method includes administering an 1-amphetamine compound. In another embodiment, the method includes administering an 1-methamphetamine compound.

Abstract: The present invention makes available methods and reagents for enhancing and/or restoring long-term memory function and performance, e.g., to improve long-term memory (LTM) and recall ability in animal subjects.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of genotyping single nucleotide differences in a nucleic acid sample. More particularly, the invention provides methods of identifying the nucleotide at a polymorphic site or a group of polymorphic sites in a sample of genomic DNA. The method uses tagged primer extension in which a set of tag sequences correspond to the identity of the nucleotides at the polymorphic sites. Primer extension products are PCR amplified using a common set of tag-specific primers, the downstream primers bearing distinguishable labels. Following separation by size and/or charge, the detection of distinguishable label in a product of the anticipated size determines the identity of the nucleotide at the polymorphic site. The method is well-suited for the genotyping of multiple single-nucleotide differences in one series of reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of monitoring the amplification of one or more nucleic acid sequences of interest. More particularly, the invention relates to methods of monitoring the amplification of sequences of interest in real time. The methods disclosed herein provide methods for monitoring the amplification of one sequence or two or more sequences from a single sample, as well as methods for monitoring the amplification of one or more than one sequence from two or more samples. The monitoring methods of the invention permit improved determination of the abundance of one or more target nucleic acids, especially target RNA species, in one or more original samples.

Abstract: Impairments in memory consolidation are treated with an amphetamine compound. In one embodiment, the method includes administering an 1-amphetamine compound. In another embodiment, the method includes administering an 1-methamphetamine compound. The method can include determining memory consolidation before, during and/or after administering the amphetamine compound.

Abstract: The present invention makes available methods and reagents for facilitating LTP, e.g., to increase memory function such as long-term memory and recall ability.