Abstract: A neural network device and an action selecting method using the same, which select an action corresponding to a current state on the basis of a value return. A method of selecting, executed by at least one processor, an action on the basis of deep learning includes receiving a current state as an input, calculating a value distribution corresponding to each of a plurality of actions to be performed on the current state, and selecting an optimal action from among the plurality of actions based on the value distribution, wherein the value distribution includes at least one Gaussian graph following a Gaussian distribution.

Abstract: An aircraft flight scheduling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a database configured to manage an arrival time and a departure time for each aircraft at each airport, aircraft flight data including slot information assigned to each aircraft at each airport, a ground delay program (GDP) information issued by a control center of each airport, a scenario for an expected aircraft flight according to generation of the GDP, and an objective function for determining resetting of an aircraft flight schedule according to the generation of the GDP, a memory for storing an aircraft flight scheduling program, and a processor configured to execute the aircraft flight scheduling program.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for more readily preparing an oxime derivative under mild conditions by using a nitrogen oxide as a NO supply source.

Abstract: Provided are a cathode for a secondary battery, a manufacturing method therefor, and a lithium secondary battery comprising same, the cathode comprising: a cathode current collector; a first layer which is arranged on at least one surface of the cathode current collector and which comprises a first cathode active material; and a second layer which is arranged on the first layer and which comprises a second cathode active material, wherein the first cathode active material is represented by the following chemical formula 1, the second cathode active material is represented by the following chemical formula 1 or 2, and the first cathode active material and the second cathode active material are different from each other. LixNiyM1?yO2??<Chemical formula 1> Li?Co?M?1??O2??<Chemical formula 2> See the Detailed Description of the Invention for the definitions of x, y, a, p, M and M? in the formulas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a positive electrode active material, a preparation method thereof, and a lithium-sulfur battery including the same, more particularly to a positive electrode active material including a particulate structure of a core-shell structure which comprises a core part and a shell part covering the whole surface or a part of the surface of the core part, wherein the core part comprises a sulfur compound, and the shell part comprises a polythiophene acetic acid-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer. The positive electrode active material of the present disclosure has excellent electrochemical reactivity and adsorbs lithium polysulfide to improve capacity and lifetime characteristics of the lithium-sulfur battery.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment provides matching media for perfect transmission of ultrasonic waves by easily implementing perfect transmission of ultrasonic waves at a boundary between different elastic media through a matching layer provided at the boundary between the different elastic media and proposes a matching layer having a single layer structure of a simple single pattern that is easily processed, thereby easily implementing effects such as miniaturization of the matching layer, reduction of manufacturing cost, and improvement of manufacturability.

Abstract: A voltage mode relaxation oscillator includes a bandgap reference (BGR) circuit configured to generate a BGR voltage that does not depend on temperature and a BGR current that depends on temperature; a control voltage generating circuit configured to generate a control voltage that does not depend on temperature based on the BGR voltage; a reference current generating circuit configured to generate a reference current that does not depend on temperate based on the BGR current; and an oscillator circuit configured to generate a clock signal that does not depend on temperature based on the control voltage and the reference current.

Abstract: A clock data recovery circuit including: a sampler to sample a comparison result between an input data signal and multiple reference voltages or to sample the input data signal based on a recovered clock signal; and a control circuit to output a control signal for controlling a phase of the recovered clock signal based on a K signal, an up signal, and a down signal.

Abstract: Provided is a chemical liquid purification apparatus for semiconductor manufacturing, the apparatus including a first tank configured to store a chemical liquid, the chemical liquid including impurities, a first line configured to supply the chemical liquid to the first tank, a first electrode and a second electrode included in the first tank, an alternating current waveform generator connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, a second line configured to supply the chemical liquid processed in the first tank to an outside of the first tank, and a filter configured to filter the impurities in the chemical liquid flowing in the second line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). A method and apparatus in the wireless communication system includes detecting at least one first object including at least one user equipment (UE), transmitting, to a second base station (BS), a first message including sensing information of the at least one first object, receiving, as response to the first message, from the second BS, a second message including sensing information of at least one second object, identifying the at least one UE based on the at least one first object and the at least one second object, estimating a location of the identified at least one UE, determining a beamforming vector based on the estimated location, and transmitting data, to the at least one UE, based on the determined beamforming vector.

Abstract: There is provided mobile terminal including a receiver configured to receive a pilot signal from a base station at a first time interval, a processor configured to predict a channel based on the received pilot signal by using a neural network at a second time interval shorter than the first time interval, and to determine channel state information based on the predicted channel, and a transmitter configured to provide the determined channel state information to the base station.

Abstract: A filter manufacturing method includes: folding a filter media up and down and forming a wrinkle shape composed of a plurality of bent parts and a connection part connecting adjacent bent parts among the plurality of bent parts; and forming a conductive coating layer pattern on the filter media. The filter manufacturing method further includes: electrically connecting a first end and a second end of the conductive coating layer pattern to a first power source. In particular, the conductive coating layer pattern includes a plurality of parallel patterns, and the plurality of parallel patterns are formed to be positioned on the connection part.

Abstract: A method for introducing a foreign gene into a cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can easily identify foreign gene introduction by detecting whether there is fluorescent emission or not, and can reduce influence of additional elements other than a target gene since any reporter gene or selectable marker is not required. Further, the inventive method does not need an additional sampling process and therefore may implement a relatively accurate and simple screening process.

Abstract: A substrate processing method includes collecting a plurality of pieces of optical emission spectrometry data including a wavelength, intensity of the wavelength, and time using optical emission spectrometry on a plurality of substrates, selecting a selected wavelength band having a high correlation with an endpoint of an etching process from the plurality of pieces of optical emission spectrometry data, preprocessing the plurality of pieces of optical emission spectrometry data to generate a selected dataset, generating a principal component analysis model using the selected dataset, generating a probability distribution model capable of clustering data of the principal component analysis model, and performing the etching process on a process substrate using the principal component analysis model and the probability distribution model.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device for collecting drug injection information according to the use of a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device comprises: a communicator; an input device including a connection terminal connected to the PCA device; and a controller for receiving a drug injection request signal through the input device, identifying drug setting information and drug injection information corresponding to the drug injection request signal based on receiving the drug injection request signal, and transmitting the drug setting information and the drug injection information through the communicator.

Abstract: An indoor positioning system and a method thereof using reflected light is proposed. The system and the method are configured to use an optical signal transmitter and receiver and a reflector array composed of retroreflectors whose angle of incidence of each optical signal is equal to an angle of reflection thereof to calculate a distance to the reflector array on the basis of reception information of each optical signal and calculate an absolute location of the user on the basis of the distance information and absolute location information of each reflective surface of the reflector array, so as to solve the problems of indoor positioning systems and methods using reflected light of the related art that has a limitation that reflective surfaces should reflect the reflected light at respective frequencies different from each other and sensors satisfying sufficient sensitivity distances and communication speeds to detect the reflected light are required.

Abstract: Disclosed is an operating method of an electronic device for manufacture of a semiconductor device. The method includes receiving, at the electronic device, a computer-aided design (CAD) image for a lithography process of the semiconductor device, and generating, at the electronic device, a first scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and a first segment (SEG) image from the CAD image by using a machine learning-based module, and the first SEG image includes information about a location of a defect.

Abstract: A single atom catalyst and a method of forming the same are provided. The single atom catalyst comprises a support comprising a first metal oxide and a second metal atom located in the first metal oxide. The method of forming the single atom catalyst comprises forming a sacrificial nanoparticle, coating the sacrificial nanoparticle with a first metal oxide, adsorbing a second metal atom to the first metal oxide, forming a sacrificial layer on the support, and heating the first metal oxide.

Abstract: Provided is a field effect transistor including a gate insulating layer having a two-dimensional material. The field effect transistor may include a first channel layer; a second channel layer disposed on the first channel layer; a gate insulating layer disposed on the second channel layer; a gate electrode disposed on the gate insulating layer; a first electrode electrically connected to the first channel layer; and a second electrode electrically connected to the second channel layer. Here, the gate insulating layer may include an insulative, high-k, two-dimensional material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing biomass-derived adiponitrile including preparing adiponitrile by subjecting biomass-derived adipamide to dehydration using a catalyst in a medium. The catalyst is configured such that a metal oxide is supported on a carrier containing porous silica with a pore diameter in a range of 5 nm to 15 nm, and the metal is molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, or combinations thereof.