Abstract: Products and methods related to the enhancement of efficacy of algaecides and/or aquatic herbicides using metallic trivalent cations, as well as the reduction in ecotoxicity and non-target effects and preservation of water quality. Some embodiments advantageously provide the benefit of binding phosphorus, but allow for a substantial reduction in the dissolved trivalent metal and an increased ability to target the main source of future phosphorus release. In one aspect of an embodiment, a trivalent cation delivery system includes a commonly available commodity that can be simultaneously added to the water or mixed in a tank prior to the application, avoiding the need for an industrial process to cohere the components. In another aspect of the embodiment, the trivalent cation delivery system may be accomplished by the use of an algaecide and/or aquatic herbicide prior to the application of the phosphorus binding metal.

Abstract: A system and method for removing a target substance in a surface or subsurface water flow includes an enclosure formed by a geotextile wrapping material, and a filling composition contained in the enclosure. The filling composition includes an amount of active material dispersed in a media material, where the active material is capable of binding, absorbing or otherwise reacting to the target substance to thereby reducing the amount of the target substance from the resulting water flow exiting the system.

Abstract: Some embodiments advantageously provide nutrient-binding compositions that include ingredients that have a synergistic effect such that the nutrient-binding composition is capable of removing more nutrients that the individual ingredients added together. In one embodiment, a nutrient-binding composition comprises: a first amount of a nutrient-binding ingredient; and a second amount of a biogenic additive, the first amount being greater than or equal to the second amount. In one aspect of the embodiment, the nutrient-binding composition has a greater nutrient removal capacity from a volume of water than an additive nutrient removal capacity of the first amount of nutrient-binding ingredient and the second amount of biogenic added together.

Abstract: Aquatic herbicidal formulations generally including at least one active ingredient and at least one functional additive that promotes nutrient sequestration. For example, in one embodiment the at least one functional additive includes a nutrient-binding ingredient that binds certain nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorous, nitrogenous compounds, and/or phosphoric compounds) within the target plant, from an environment surrounding or proximate the target plant, and/or as those nutrients are released after the application of the active ingredient.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions for controlling weeds in soil that involve the use of a bleaching herbicide such as fluridone in combination with at least one other additional selected herbicidal agent, which is preferably a PPO-inhibitor such as fomesafen or flumioxazin. Also described are safening effects of bleaching herbicidal agents such as fluridone on other herbicides, and of other herbicides on bleaching herbicidal agents. Further described are methods and compositions for controlling weeds in soil that comprise the use of fluridone. Methods and compositions for controlling weeds in permanent crops are also described.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions for controlling weeds in soil that involve the use of a bleaching herbicide such as fluridone in combination with at least one other additional selected herbicidal agent, which is preferably a PPO-inhibitor such as fomesafen or flumioxazin. Also described are safening effects of bleaching herbicidal agents such as fluridone on other herbicides, and of other herbicides on bleaching herbicidal agents. Further described are methods and compositions for controlling weeds in soil that comprise the use of fluridone. Methods and compositions for controlling weeds in permanent crops are also described.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions for controlling aquatic weeds that involve the use of an ALS-inhibiting herbicidal agent such as penoxsulam in combination with endothall. Preferred herbicidal combinations allow for enhanced control when treating a body of water to control a target weed population, such as hydrilla.

Abstract: Described are methods and systems for managing watermilfoil populations in bodies of water such as lakes. In certain forms, the methods and systems involve the use of genetic analysis to determine whether a watermilfoil population targeted for herbicidal control has a genetic relationship with hybrid (e.g. Northern×Eurasian) watermilfoil plants known to exhibit herbicidal tolerance. In one aspect, it has for the first time been discovered that such hybrid watermilfoil plants include significant clustering groups that exhibit herbicide tolerance. This can be used in the design and implementation of herbicidal treatment regimens against a new target watermilfoil population.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions useful for controlling aquatic weeds that involve the use of fluridone. Preferred herbicidal compositions include fluridone in a formulation that also comprises an organic solvent and an emulsifying surfactant system.

Abstract: Described are preferred formulations comprising amine salts of 2,4-D or triclopyr or both, loaded on a granular carrier including plant fiber and mineral filler, 5 and optionally a binder. Also described are methods of making and using such compositions.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions for controlling weeds in soil that involve the use of a bleaching herbicide such as fluridone in combination with at least one other additional selected herbicidal agent, which is preferably a PPO-inhibitor such as fomesafen or flumioxazin. Also described are safening effects of bleaching herbicidal agents such as fluridone on other herbicides, and of other herbicides on bleaching herbicidal agents.

Abstract: Described are plant growth regulation compositions and methods utilizing combinations of Class A and Class B gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors. Preferred methods and compositions involve the combination of trinexapac-ethyl with either or both of flurprimidol and paclobutrazol, in particular to provide a synergistic effect in the regulation of the growth of turfgrass.

Abstract: Described are preferred solid herbicidal formulations that include one or more herbicides in combination with a solid carrier, as well as methods of manufacture and use thereof. Solid herbicidal formulations are designed to deliver a moderated release of the incorporated load of herbicidal agent(s), for example to enhance uptake by target plants and/or the ability to spatially control a plant population within a body of water that exhibits flow.

Abstract: Compositions useful in pesticidal applications include water, a copper complex and an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant. Additional components can be included in such formulations including one or more additional surfactants, and one or more penetrating agents.

Abstract: Described are preferred methods and compositions for controlling aquatic weeds that involve the use of an ALS-inhibiting herbicidal agent such as penoxsulam in combination with endothall. Preferred herbicidal combinations allow for enhanced control when treating a body of water to control a target weed population, such as hydrilla.

Abstract: Described are plant growth regulation compositions and methods utilizing combinations of Class A and Class B gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors. Preferred methods and compositions involve the combination of trinexapac-ethyl with either or both of flurprimidol and paclobutrazol, in particular to provide a synergistic effect in the regulation of the growth of turfgrass.

Abstract: Described are preferred solid formulations of fluridone having advantageous fluridone release profiles. Preferred formulations comprise carriers including attapulgite and/or bentonite clay. Also described are methods of using and manufacturing such compositions.