Abstract: The present invention relates to certain 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-dioxanes that are capable of reducing Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) and capable of increasing Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) and their use in the treatment of specific subpopulations with a renal disease such as diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract: This invention provides the use of a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing heart failure. Particular heart disorders to be treated are selected from the group comprising chronic heart failure, congestive heart failure, chronic congestive heart failure and heart failure resulting from ischaemic heart disease. Methods of treating heart failure using 5-HT4 receptor antagonists and pharmaceutical compositions containing 5-HT4 receptor antagonists are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel peptides derived from the IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1 RA), capable of binding to the cell surface IL-1 receptor 1 (IL1 R1) and interfere with the binding of IL-1 to IL1 R1. This binding thus effectively antagonises the inflammatory effects of IL-1, such as by reducing TNF-alpha secretion from macrophages. This is of potential use as an anti-inflammatory factor throughout the human body, including the central nervous system. The use of said peptides as anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of pathological conditions wherein IL-1 plays a prominent role, such as inflammatory conditions of the body and the central nervous system, is thus an aspect of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor modulating activity, in particular compounds having an acidic moiety held distant from the 5-HT pharmacophore by a rigid linker group, to compositions containing such compounds and methods of treatment using them. Such compounds have an increased affinity for the 5-HT receptor and a reduced hERG effect. Certain compounds of the invention further exhibit an angiotensin II receptor modulating activity. Claimed are compounds of formula (I): HT-L-A. HT is a 5-HT receptor modulating moiety containing a basic nitrogen atom; A is an acid moiety; L is a linker moiety.

Abstract: The invention relates to modulators of peripheral 5-HT receptors, particularly 5-HT4 receptors, said modulators essentially selective for peripheral 5-HT receptors over receptors of the central nervous system. The invention allows for the treatment, amongst others, of gastrointestinal disorders, lower urinary tract disorders, and cardiovascular disorders without side effects related to CNS activity.

Abstract: This invention provides the use of a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing heart failure. Particular heart disorders to be treated are selected from the group comprising chronic heart failure, congestive heart failure, chronic congestive heart failure and heart failure resulting from ischaemic heart disease. Methods of treating heart failure using 5-HT4 receptor antagonists and pharmaceutical compositions containing 5-HT4 receptor antagonists are also provided.