Abstract: A barge system for hydraulic spreading of aquatic capping material is provided. The barge system includes a barge, a piping system, a spreader, a system for moving the barge and a controller. The barge has a deck extending between a front end and a rear end and two opposing sides. The piping system is mounted on the deck and used for the transmission of capping material slurry that includes a capping material. The piping system has a first end and a second end. A source of capping material slurry is connected to the first end and fed through the piping system to the spreader. The spreader has an inlet end in communication with the second end of the piping system and a discharge end. The spreader evenly distributes the capping material slurry from the end of the barge. The controller positions the barge based on the flow rate and density of the slurry. The barge system is used to deposit a predetermined thickness of the capping material on the bottom of the body of water.

Abstract: A barge system for hydraulic spreading of aquatic capping material is provided. The barge system includes a barge, a piping system, a spreader, a system for moving the barge and a controller. The barge has a deck extending between a front end and a rear end and two opposing sides. The piping system is mounted on the deck and used for the transmission of capping material slurry that includes a capping material. The piping system has a first end and a second end. A source of capping material slurry is connected to the first end and fed through the piping system to the spreader. The spreader has an inlet end in communication with the second end of the piping system and a discharge end. The spreader evenly distributes the capping material slurry from the end of the barge. The controller positions the barge based on the flow rate and density of the slurry. The barge system is used to deposit a predetermined thickness of the capping material on the bottom of the body of water.

Abstract: A process for chemical fixation of radionuclides and radioactive compounds present in soils, solid materials, sludges and liquids. Radionuclides and other radioactive compounds are converted to low-temperature Apatite-Group structural isomorphs (general composition: (AB)5(XO4)3Z), usually phosphatic, that are insoluble, non-leachable, non-zeolitic, and pH stable by contacting with a suspension containing a sulfate, hydroxide, chloride, fluoride and/or silicate source and a phosphate anion. The Apatitic-structure end product is chemically altered from the initial material and reduced in volume and mass. The end product can be void of free liquids and exhibits sufficiently high levels of thermal stability to be effective in the presence of heat generating nuclear reactions. The process occurs at ambient temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a groundwater monitoring system and a monitoring system formed using said method wherein a housing containing a groundwater monitoring well is slidably attached to a sheet piling section. After the sheet piling section is inserted in the ground, the housing is withdrawn so that the groundwater can be monitored by the well.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of forming phosphate mineral species of the apatite family, and the mineral species thus formed, by contacting soil or solid waste material containing leachable lead with a combination of a sulfate reagent that includes one or more reactive sulfate ions and a phosphate supplying reagent that includes one or more reactive phosphate ions. The mineral species are stable, substantially water insoluble and non-leachable under normal environmental conditions. The sulfate reagent is sulfuric acid or alum in liquid or powder form. The phosphate supplying reagent is phosphoric acid, trisodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, mono basic calcium phosphate or dibasic calcium phosphate. In a preferred embodiment, the phosphate supplying reagent is phosphoric acid and the sulfate reagent is sulfuric acid or liquid alum.

Abstract: A process for chemical fixation of radionuclides and radioactive compounds present in soils, solid materials, sludges and liquids. Radionuclides and other radioactive compounds are converted to low-temperature Apatite-Group structural isomorphs (general composition: (AB)5(XO4)3Z), usually phosphatic, that are insoluble, non-leachable, non-zeolitic, and pH stable by contacting with a sulfate, hydroxide, chloride, fluoride and/or silicate source and with a phosphate anion in either a one or two step process. The Apatitic-structure end product is chemically altered from the initial material and reduced in volume and mass. The end product can be void of free liquids and exhibits sufficiently high levels of thermal stability to be effective in the presence of heat generating nuclear reactions. The process occurs at ambient temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of treating heavy metal bearing process materials and heavy metal toxic hazardous wastes. The invention relates to treatment methods employed to chemically convert leachable heavy metals in heavy metal bearing solid and/or liquid waste materials to a non-leachable form by contacting or mixing the material with a chemical suspension which includes a first component which supplies sulphates, halides, halites, silicates or calcium oxide and a second component which supplies a phosphate anion. The solid and liquid waste materials include contaminated sludges, slurries, soils, wastewaters, spent carbon, sand, wire chips, plastic fluff, cracked battery casings, bird and buck shots and construction debris. The present invention discloses a process comprising a single step contacting of a hazardous waste with a two or three component chemical suspension. The present invention provides a new way of treating a universe of heavy metal contaminated materials at any pH.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of treating lead-bearing soils, waste materials and waste material matrixes. The invention relates to treatment methods employed to chemically convert leachable lead in lead-bearing solid and/or liquid waste materials to a non-leachable form by contacting or mixing the material with a chemical reagent that includes a first component which supplies sulphates, halides, halites, silicates or calcium oxide and a second component which supplies a phosphate anion in solution form. The solid and liquid waste materials include contaminated sludges, slurries, soils, wastewaters, spent carbon, sand, wire chips, plastic fluff, cracked battery casings, bird and buck shots and construction debris. The present invention discloses a process comprising a single step mixing lead-bearing hazardous waste with a chemical reagent. The present invention provides a new way of treating a universe of lead-bearing contaminated materials at any pH.

Abstract: A process for chemical fixation of radionuclides and radioactive compounds present in soils, solid materials,sludges and liquids. Radionuclides and other radioactive compounds are converted to low-temperature Apatite-Group structural isomorphs (general composition: (AB).sub.5 (XO.sub.4).sub.3 Z), usually phosphatic, that are insoluble, non-leachable, non-zeolitic, and pH stable by contacting with a sulfate, hydroxide, chloride, fluoride and/or silicate source and with a phosphate anion in either a one or two step process. The Apatitic-structure end product is chemically altered from the initial material and reduced in volume and mass. The end product can be void of free liquids and exhibits sufficiently high levels of thermal stability to be effective in the presence of heat generating nuclear reactions. The process occurs at ambient temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of treating lead bearing process materials and lead toxic hazardous wastes. The invention relates to treatment methods employed to chemically convert leachable lead in lead bearing solid and liquid waste materials to a non-leachable form by mixing the material with lime, gypsum and/or phosphoric acid. The solid and liquid waste materials include contaminated sludges, slurries, soils, wastewaters, spent carbon, sand, wire chips, plastic fluff, cracked battery casings, bird and buck shots and tetraethyl lead contaminated organic peat and muck. The present invention discloses a process comprising a single step mixing of one or more treatment additives, and a process comprising a two step mixing wherein the sequence of performing the steps may be reversible. The present invention provides a new way of treating a universe of lead contaminated materials at any pH.

Abstract: A process for chemical fixation of radionuclides and radioactive compounds present in soils and solid materials. Radionuclides and other radioactive compounds are converted to low-temperature Apatite-Group structural isomorphs (general composition: (AB).sub.5 (XO.sub.4).sub.3 Z), usually phosphatic, that are insoluble, non-leachable, non-zeolitic, and pH stable by contacting with a sulfate, hydroxide, chloride, fluoride and/or silicate source and with a phosphate anion in either a one or two step process. In the preferred embodiment, soils or contaminated materials containing radionuclides and radioactive wastes are contacted with technical grade phosphoric acid (TGPA) which contains sulfates as an impurity. The Apatitic-structure end product is chemically altered from the initial material and reduced in volume and mass. The end product can be void of free liquids and exhibits sufficiently high levels of thermal stability to be effective in the presence of heat generating nuclear reactions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of treating lead bearing process materials and lead toxic hazardous wastes. The invention relates to treatment methods employed to chemically convert leachable lead in lead bearing solid and liquid waste materials to a non-leachable form by mixing the material with lime, gypsum and/or phosphoric acid. The solid and liquid waste materials include contaminated sludges, slurries, soils, wastewaters, spent carbon, sand, wire chips, plastic fluff, cracked battery casings, bird and buck shots and tetraethyl lead contaminated organic peat and muck. The present invention discloses a process comprising a single step mixing of one or more treatment additives, and a process comprising a two step mixing wherein the sequence of performing the steps may be reversible. The present invention provides a new way of treating a universe of lead contaminated materials at any pH.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of treating lead bearing process materials and lead toxic hazardous wastes. The invention relates to treatment methods employed to chemically convert leachable lead in lead bearing solid and liquid waste materials to a non-leachable form by mixing the material with lime, gypsum and/or phosphoric acid. The solid and liquid waste materials include contaminated sludges, slurries, soils, wastewaters, spent carbon, sand, wire chips, plastic fluff, cracked battery casings, bird and buck shots and tetraethyl lead contaminated organic peat and muck. The present invention discloses a process comprising a single step mixing of one or more treatment additives, and a process comprising a two step mixing wherein the sequence of performing the steps may be reversible. The present invention provides a new way of treating a universe of lead contaminated materials at any pH.

Abstract: A highly flexible multi-step treatment technology for chemical fixation and stabilization of leachable chromium, particularly hexavalent chrome, in contaminated soils, solid wastes, concrete, sludge, sand and gravel and waste waters is disclosed. The process comprises reducing hexavalent chromium to chromous (Cr.sup.2+) and chromic (Cr.sup.3+) forms in the presence of water under alkaline conditions and fixing the reduced chromium forms with phosphate.The process reduces Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure chromium levels below the regulatory threshold of 5 mg/l as required by the USEPA.