Abstract: A signal processing apparatus 100 is achieved, capable of processing an analog pixel signal Ag obtained by photoelectric conversion in a CCD image sensor 1 such that noise will be reduced and S/N will be improved by interpolation in an area with low brightness or saturation on a display screen and resolution will be increased by edge emphasis in an area with high brightness or saturation on the display screen. The signal processing apparatus 100 for performing A/D conversion on the analog pixel signal Ag from the CCD image sensor 1, comprises an interpolation processing section 104 for adaptively switching interpolation processing for determining brightness or saturation of pixels for each pixel, and calculating a digital pixel signal of a target pixel from pixel signals of peripheral pixels positioned in the periphery of the target pixel based on the determined brightness or saturation of the target pixel.

Abstract: An example spread spectrum communication system is provided in which a transmission signal is separated into an I-phase component and a Q-phase component. In a complex spreading portion, spreading is performed by using multipliers and adders together with a sequence pattern of 1 and ?1 appearing alternately. The outputs from the complex spreading portion are modulated in multipliers using pseudo-random sequences PN(k)(x) allotted for individual users. The baseband signal undergoes waveform shaping by roll-off filters and is modulated through a carrier modulator, then sent to a power amplifier, where it is amplified and transmitted via an antenna.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic developer which reduces toner contamination on the surface of a developer carrier even when a development effective range is narrowed and which is stabilized in an image quality in every environmental situation and has a long life and a low cost and an image-forming method using the same.

Abstract: A reset device detects a rise of a supply voltage to start outputting a reset signal. The reset device includes a voltage detection circuit for detecting the supply voltage. The voltage detection circuit includes a ferroelectric capacitance element for detecting the supply voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an opening and closing member mounted to an apparatus main body so that it can be open and closed, and a head cover for protecting the surface of a control electrode when opening the opening and closing member without disturbing an operation of controlling the flying of a toner by the control electrode in a closed state of the opening and closing member as being moved interlocking with opening and closing operations of the opening and closing member. According to the described arrangement, when the opening and closing member is open to remove a jammed sheet, exchange a toner cartridge, carry out various checking for printing inferior or install and remove a unit including the control electrode with respect to the apparatus main body, the control electrode which would be exposed otherwise can be prevented from being touched with an operator's finger or other member of the apparatus, etc.