Abstract: A developing unit for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the outer peripheral surface of a latent image bearer rotating in one direction utilizes an electrified developer that is prepared by mixing two components, or an electrostatically chargeable toner and magnetic carrier. The developing unit includes a developing roller for supplying the developer to the latent image hearer and a carrier collecting roller disposed on the downstream side of the developing roller with respect to the rotational direction of the latent image bearer. The carrier collecting roller includes first and second magnetic pole elements of different magnetic polarities, both presenting a magnetic field intensity of 400 G to 750 G. The first magnetic pole element is disposed at a position on the opposite side across the center of the carrier collecting roller from the position opposing the latent image bearer. The second magnetic pole element is disposed at a position opposing the developing roller.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus of this invention includes a sealable chamber to be introduced with reactive material gas, a plurality of pairs of cathode-anode bodies arranged in the chamber, for forming a plurality of discharge spaces for performing plasma discharge of the material gas, a power supply for plasma discharge, placed outside the chamber, a matching box placed outside the chamber, for matching impedance between the cathode-anode bodies and the power supply, and a power introduction wire extending to each of the cathodes from the power supply via the matching box. Herein, the power introduction wire is branched to the number corresponding to the number of the cathodes between the matching box and the cathodes, and the branched wires are symmetrically extended.

Abstract: A monolithic multiple-wavelength laser device includes a laser section of a first wavelength and a laser section of a second wavelength formed on a single GaAs substrate, wherein the laser section f the first wavelength includes a real guide structure, and the laser section of the second wavelength includes a loss guide structure. In such a multiple-wavelength laser device, loss in wave guiding can be reduced and operating current can be decreased, compared to a conventional device, when the first wavelength is within a wavelength band of about 780 nm and the second wavelength is within a wavelength band of about 650 nm, since the laser section of the first wavelength has the real guide structure.