Abstract: A profiled cross-section three-dimensional woven fabric having a plurality of woven, mutually intersecting filaments woven in longitudinal, transverse and vertical planes, with transverse planes of different widths and vertical planes of different height within a cross-section of the woven fabric perpendicular to the longitudinal woven filament planes. The woven filament in the transverse planes moving upward or downward while transversely reciprocating over a width which changes with the width of the woven filaments in each longitudinal woven plane and being disposed between vertically adjacent planes of longitudinal filaments. The woven filaments in the vertical planes moving longitudinally to the height of disposition of the longitudinal and transverse filaments in a plane perpendicular to the transverse filaments and being continuously disposed between longitudinally adjacent layers of transverse filaments, clamping the transverse and longitudinal filaments to unite them together.

Abstract: Textile structures for producing structural members such as reinforced spars of composite material and a method for producing the textile structures. In the textile structure at least two textile planar members, or plates, are integrally joined together by textile filaments such that the planes of the members intersect each other, at least one member being formed of layers of textile filaments which extend obliquely in at least two directions in a brace fashion with respect to the longitudinal and transverse directions of the member while the remaining members are each formed of layers of textile filaments extending along the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions of the member.

Abstract: A fibrous structure for reinforcing a composite material which is a bottomed hollow pillar-shaped body having fins extending outwardly from a peripheral side wall of the body. The composite material-reinforcing fibrous structure consists of a plurality of longitudinally adjoining yarn section, each section being a plurality of layers, or tiers, of a first continuous yarn. A second continuous yarn is disposed substantially perpendicularly to the layers of first continuous yarn, and a third continuous yarn passes into loops formed in the second continuous yarn adjacent an outside layer of the first continuous yarn. The second continuous yarn functions as a common longitudinal component yarn in coextensive portions of the adjoining yarn sections and as an independent longitudinal component yarn in portions of the yarn sections which do not adjoin other yarn sections.

Abstract: A textile or filamentary structure for a reinforced composite material comprising a first filament (1) which is disposed in multiple turns or convolutions in a first plane (X-Y) without forming a cut, free or exposed end at each turn and then disposed as a subsequent lamination in another parallel filament-disposition plane in which it extends in a path different from the path of filament disposition in said first plane, whereafter it repeats the lamination in successive planes, a second filament (2) sinuously extending in planes (Y-Z) which intersect the planes of disposition of the first filament, without forming a cut, free or exposed end at each turn, and a third filament (3) sinuously extending in successive parallel planes (X-Y) adjacent the laminations of said first filament (1), passing through loops (5) formed by said second filament (2), thereby retaining the same in the body of the structure.

Abstract: A drying cylinder for use in the drying part of a paper making process. The moisture profile of paper web is equalized all over the width of said paper web by fixedly winding synthetic fabric around the surface of a drying cylinder contacting with wet paper web at the appointed positions thereof to form the void areas among yarns of said synthetic fabric as highly insulating air-holding portions.