Abstract: An ultrasonic transverse wave is transmitted or ultrasonic longitudinal wave and transverse wave are transmitted in a perpendicular direction to a bonding interface between materials by transmission such as a probe. A reflection signal of the transmitted transverse wave reflected by the bonding interface and/or a transmission signal of the transmitted transverse wave transmitted through the bonding interface and the longitudinal wave, a reflection signal of the transmitted longitudinal wave reflected by the bonding interface and/or a transmission signal of the transmitted longitudinal wave transmitted through the bonding interface are received by reception such as the probe.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for use in enzyme replacement therapy. The inventors disclose a method of producing membrane bound enzymes in an active soluble form by eliminating the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor. In particular the inventors disclose a soluble active form of the membrane bound enzyme TNSALP which they produced by deleting the GPI anchor single peptide sequence. They have further shown that this composition is useful for treatment of hypophosphatasia. The inventors also disclose oligo acid amino acid variants thereof which specifically target bone tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DC-DC converter including a first series circuit connected to both ends of a first switch and formed of a winding of a first transformer, a first reactor, a first diode, and a smoothing capacitor, a second diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the first transformer, the winding of the first transformer and the first switch, and to one end of the smoothing capacitor, a second series circuit connected to both ends of a second switch and formed of a winding of a second transformer, a second reactor, a third diode, and the smoothing capacitor, a fourth diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the second transformer, the winding of the second transformer and the second switch, and to the one end of the smoothing capacitor, a third reactor connected to both ends of a series circuit of a secondary winding of the first transformer and a secondary winding of the second transformer, and a control circuit which alternately turns on the first s

Abstract: A current-mode controlled DC-DC converter includes a comparator comparing a first or second current detection signal with a first or second reference current that is based on an error voltage of a voltage detection signal, a pulse generator generating a first pulse signal whose ON time is longer than an interval between when the second current detection signal reaches a minimum value and when the second current detection signal reaches the second reference current, a pulse generator generating a second pulse signal whose ON time is longer than an interval between when the first current detection signal reaches a minimum value and when the first current detection signal reaches the first reference current, the second pulse signal being behind the first pulse signal by a half period, and a PWM circuit generating a first or second PWM signal according to the pulse signal and an output signal from the comparator, thereby turning on/off a switch.

Abstract: In a synthetic method for porous silica crystals through a hydrothermal reaction, a method for synthesizing porous silica crystals with a size of 0.5 mm or larger in high reproducibility and efficiency is provided using a method for manufacturing the porous silica crystals, wherein a high concentration area with silicon is formed as a partial area inside a hydrothermal synthesis vessel, and at least a part of a surface-smoothed bulk material is present in the high concentration area with silicon to perform the hydrothermal reaction, the bulk material comprising a compound containing both silicon and oxygen as a supply source for a part or a whole of the structure composition elements of the porous silica crystals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DC-DC converter including a first series circuit connected to both ends of a first switch and formed of a winding of a first transformer, a first reactor, a first diode, and a smoothing capacitor, a second diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the first transformer, the winding of the first transformer and the first switch, and to one end of the smoothing capacitor, a second series circuit connected to both ends of a second switch and formed of a winding of a second transformer, a second reactor, a third diode, and the smoothing capacitor, a fourth diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the second transformer, the winding of the second transformer and the second switch, and to the one end of the smoothing capacitor, a third reactor connected to both ends of a series circuit of a secondary winding of the first transformer and a secondary winding of the second transformer, and a control circuit which alternately turns on the first s

Abstract: A bi-directional DC-DC converter includes a first series circuit connected to ends of a first DC power source and including a first winding of a first reactor and a first switch; a second series circuit connected to ends of the first switch and including a second winding of the first reactor, a second reactor, a second switch, a third switch, and a second DC power source; a third series circuit connected to the ends of the first switch and including a fourth switch and the second DC power source; and a control circuit configured to turn on/off the switches and thereby carry out step-up and step-down operations between the first and second DC power sources.

Abstract: A bi-directional DC-DC converter includes a first series circuit connected to ends of a first DC power source and including a first winding of a first reactor and a first switch; a second series circuit connected to ends of the first switch and including a second winding of the first reactor, a second reactor, a second switch, a third switch, and a second DC power source; a third series circuit connected to the ends of the first switch and including a fourth switch and the second DC power source; and a control circuit configured to turn on/off the switches and thereby carry out step-up and step-down operations between the first and second DC power sources.

Abstract: A current-mode controlled DC-DC converter includes a comparator comparing a first or second current detection signal with a first or second reference current that is based on an error voltage of a voltage detection signal, a pulse generator generating a first pulse signal whose ON time is longer than an interval between when the second current detection signal reaches a minimum value and when the second current detection signal reaches the second reference current, a pulse generator generating a second pulse signal whose ON time is longer than an interval between when the first current detection signal reaches a minimum value and when the first current detection signal reaches the first reference current, the second pulse signal being behind the first pulse signal by a half period, and a PWM circuit generating a first or second PWM signal according to the pulse signal and an output signal from the comparator, thereby turning on/off a switch.

Abstract: A controlled atmosphere cutting method and a cutting tool are provided to prevent wear on the cutting tool when cutting is performed on a material for forming an oxide protective film. According to the invention, in a cutting method of supplying gas in an atmosphere of a machining portion to perform cutting when a work piece is cut, gas containing a high concentration of oxygen is supplied as atmospheric gas to bring the machining portion into an oxidized atmosphere, so that an oxide is formed between the cutting edge of a cutting tool 4 and a workpiece and thus a damage and wear are reduced on the tool. The above-mentioned atmospheric gas is oxygen enriched air in which oxygen in the air is condensed, and the atmospheric gas has an oxygen concentration up to 40%, exceeding an oxygen concentration of the air.

Abstract: In a synthetic method for porous silica crystals through a hydrothermal reaction, a method for synthesizing porous silica crystals with a size of 0.5 mm or larger in high reproducibility and efficiency is provided using a method for manufacturing the porous silica crystals, wherein a high concentration area with silicon is formed as a partial area inside a hydrothermal synthesis vessel, and at least a part of a surface-smoothed bulk material is present in the high concentration area with silicon to perform the hydrothermal reaction, the bulk material comprising a compound containing both silicon and oxygen as a supply source for a part or a whole of the structure composition elements of the porous silica crystals.

Abstract: A mask with a microscopic pin-hole having a circular configuration with a diameter of 1 nm to 10 .mu.m or a rectangular configuration with a side of 1 nm to 10 .mu.m is arranged opposite to a substrate. A magnetic material composing a magnetic microdevice is deposited on the substrate through the pin-hole of the mask to form the magnetic microdevice having fine structure on the substrate. By moving the substrate and mask relative to each other in an X-Y plane parallel with the surface of the substrate in a stepwise manner, a plurality of microelements may be formed on the substrate in a matrix form. By moving the substrate and mask relative to each other during the deposition, an elongated microelement may be formed. The rectangular pin-hole of the mask is formed by stacking grid-meshes for use in an electron microscope such that rectangular openings formed in the gridmeshes are aligned in a diagonal direction. The mask may be formed by a diaphragm for use in a transmission electron microscope.