Abstract: A ceramic member is produced by performing a laser treatment on a ceramic substrate as a pretreatment for a surface treatment such that grooves that can be substantially uniformly filled with a surface treatment material are formed in the surface of the ceramic substrate. Through laser irradiation of the surface, grooves with recessed surfaces formed to extend in at least one direction are provided. Flat surfaces are formed at areas between the grooves that are adjacent to each other. Pitches between the adjacent grooves are set to a range of 0.05 mm to 0.30 mm. One of the grooves has a width that progressively decreases as the depth increases and is opened on one side in the depth direction at a maximum width. The one of the grooves has an aspect ratio in a range of 0.5 to 1.3 and an opening ratio of equal to or greater than 70%.

Abstract: A supplying inlet is placed at a position where materials to be crushed supplying direction is offset on the forward direction side of a rotating direction relative to the rotating center of the rotation wing on the supplying side and a discharge outlet is placed at a position where crushed product discharge direction is offset on the forward direction side of a rotating direction relative to the rotating center of the rotation wing on the discharge side; and a casing on supplying side and a casing on discharge side are fitted so as to be separable from each other. Thereby retention time in the casing of crushed product is short, heat degeneration is little, and a good product can be obtained; and maintenance and cleaning are made easier.

Abstract: A supplying inlet is placed at a position where materials to be crushed supplying direction is out of position on the forward direction side of a rotating direction against the rotating center of the rotation wing on the supplying side and