Abstract: The present invention relates to a powder formulation which reduces side effect risk of a medicine having a side effect of drug-induced photodermatosis and increases therapeutic effect, and relates to the method for producing the same. Said powder formulation makes inhalation therapy possible by carrying out aerosolization easily, and since pharmacological effect in lung local part is increased, it is possible to decrease the dose. Skin transmigration of said medicine is controlled by a lung specific delivery technology, and photodermatosis which is a side effect can be controlled.

Abstract: Processes are provided which create an aldehyde methylene, or hydrated or hemiacetal methylene attached to a heteroatom of a 6 membered ring without going through an olefinic group and without the necessity of using an osmium reagent. In particular, a compound of formula (I) can be produced from (II) and avoid the use of an allyl amine: (formulae I and II) where R, P1 P3, R3 and Rx are as described herein.

Abstract: Novel crystals of a pyrrolidylthiocarbapenem derivative having excellent stability is provided. According to the present invention, a crystal of (+)-(4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-4-methyl-7-oxo-3[[(3S,5S)-5-(sulfamoylaminomethyl)p yrrolidin-3-yl]thio]-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid having a diffraction pattern in powder X-ray diffraction having main peaks at diffraction angles (2?) of about 13.04, 14.98, 15.88, 16.62, 20.62, 21.06, 22.18, 23.90, 26.08, 28.22 and 28.98 (degrees) and a crystal of said compound having a diffraction pattern in powder X-ray diffraction having main peaks at diffraction angles (2?) of about 6.62, 13.04, 15.44, 16.58, 17.64, 20.88, 23.26, 25.02 and 25.52 (degrees) are provided.

Abstract: A CTGF expression inhibitor comprising a compound of the formula I: a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof as an active ingredient, (wherein Y is hydroxy or a group of the formula: —NH—SO2—Y? (wherein Y? is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted alkyl), and R1 to R9 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy or the like).

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having sPLA2 inhibiting activity. The compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 is C1 to C20 alkyl, C2 to C20 alkenyl, C2 to C20 alkynyl, carbocyclic groups, heterocyclic groups or the like; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a group containing 1 to 4 non-hydrogen atoms; RA is —COCONH2 or the like; R3 is -(L2)-(acidic group) wherein L2 is a group connecting with an acid group; R4 is a hydrogen atom or the like, its prodrug, their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof.

Abstract: 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconic acid is prepared in high yield and in high broth concentration by cultivating newly isolated microorganisms of genus Erwinia in an aqueous nutrient medium in the presence of D-glucose. The production is also possibly by simple contact of said microorganisms or their processed products therefrom, with D-glucose.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R' is optionally protected --CH.sub.2 OH or --COOH; R.sup.2 is phenyl or substituted phenyl; and Y is oxygen, methylene, or substituted methylene, which comprises treating a norbornyl acid amide of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R is optionally protected --CH.sub.2 OH or --COOR.sup.1 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or ester-forming group; and Y is oxygen, methylene, or substituted methylene under the reaction conditions for the Hofmann Rearrangement, and then with a substituted sulfonyl halide of formula (III):R.sup.2 SO.sub.2 X (III)wherein R.sup.2 is phenyl or substituted phenyl; and X is halogen atom.