Abstract: The invention relates to a gas analyzer for measuring the mercury content of a gas having an Hg light source which transmits transmitted light having wavelengths of at least one spectral line of the mercury, a measuring cell in which the gas to be measured is present, a light receiver, an evaluation unit and a test cuvette which can be introduced into the beam path for checking the operability. To provide an improved gas analyzer which can be calibrated in a simple manner as well as a corresponding improved calibration method, provision is made that the test cuvette contains benzol as a test gas.

Abstract: An optical analyzer, in particular an optical gas analyzer, having a holder (10) for installing into a gas-carrying hollow space, wherein the holder (10) has a ball socket (20) and a ball segment (30) with a longitudinal axis (A), wherein the ball socket (20) has at least one first segment (21) and a second segment (22) and is designed such that it at least partly engages around the ball segment (30) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous measurement of SO3 and/or H2SO4 concentrations in gases using a photometer having a light source, a cuvette, a receiver, an optical filter unit having at least one optical filter which is selected such that it lets a measurement wavelength pass through which is selected such that it is absorbed as much as possible by SO3 and/or H2SO4 and is absorbed as little as possible by the other components of the gas and the photometer is calibrated with SO3 and H2SO4 gases of known concentrations and having an evaluation unit which includes a memory unit, in which already measured transverse sensitivities at the measurement wavelengths are stored and the evaluation unit can determine a concentration value for SO3 and/or H2SO4 continuously from the photo signals and the stored transverse sensitivities.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical analysis device for analyzing a medium in a measurement volume, comprising a housing having an opening, a flange for holding the housing in a reception opening of the measurement volume and an optical analysis unit in the housing. In accordance with the invention, a fastening stub provided at the housing and including the opening is provided for fastening the housing in the flange, with the fastening stub having an outer geometry which is matched to the inner geometry of the flange such that it can be displaced in the flange in the direction of the measurement volume and away from it. A clip is provided with which the flange and the fastening stub can be connected to one another in shape-matched and/or force-transmitting manner in different positions of the fastening stub in the flange.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the analysis of a fluid which is present in a line or in a container. It can e.g. be a gas flow in a gas line. The apparatus has an optoelectronic apparatus for the optical analysis. The optoelectronic apparatus itself includes at least two housing parts having housing flanges for flanging the apparatus to a wall of the line or of the container so that the housing parts are disposed opposite one another, a light transmitter and a light receiver which define an optical measurement path between them within the line or the container and an evaluation device. A temperature sensor for detecting the fluid temperature and/or a pressure sensor for detecting the fluid pressure is/are provided beside the optoelectronic apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved optoelectronic apparatus for optical gas analysis by means of which the interfering influence of the particles contained in the gas is reduced with regard to the intended measurement. For this purpose the optoelectronic apparatus in accordance with the invention has a light transmitter and a light receiver which define an optical measurement path including a measurement volume between one another. The received signals of the light receiver can be evaluated in an evaluation unit, to ultimately obtain the desired information therefrom, for example, the concentration of a specific gas content. In accordance with the invention an ionizer is further provided which is arranged upstream of the optical measurement path. The ionizer causes an ionization of the undesirable particles, i.e. e.g. the dust particles, smoke particles or such like aerosols so that the ionized particles can be deflected by electric fields or also magnetic fields by means of an ion acceleration apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the measurement of the mercury content of a gas the apparatus comprising: a light source for transmitting the spectral lines of mercury along an optical axis, a magnetic field produced by a magnet which magnetic field is aligned perpendicular to the optical axis at a position where the light is generated for the production of ?+, ?? and ? polarized Zeeman components of the spectral lines in a light beam, an optical separation device for separating the Zeeman components which includes a photo-elastic modulator, a measurement cell for the gas to be measured, a light receiver and an evaluation unit for determining the mercury concentration in the gas by means of the amount of light incident on the light receiver.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp with a gas discharge tube having a cylindrical discharge region and having two electrodes which are arranged at an outer side of the gas discharge tube. To achieve an improved gas discharge tube having external electrodes with an increased lifetime it is proposed that each electrode has a planar disc shaped holding section which each have a respective opening and in that the cylindrical discharge region is received in the openings in a shape matched manner, wherein the cylinder axis of the cylindrical discharge region lies perpendicular to the planar holding sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cuvette (10, 10?) having a chamber (20, 20?) which is closed by windows at the end faces and having an HF reservoir, wherein an HF resistant, porous material (30, 30?) is arranged as the HF reservoir in the chamber (20, 20?).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a range of sight which are capable of monitoring and correcting the operability of the instrument. A light emitter directs an emitted light beam to a measurement zone and a light receiver receives a received light beam from the measurement zone. The emitted light beam and the received light beam cross each other in the measurement zone. A deflector deflects at least a portion of the emitted light beam downstream of the measurement zone along a light transmitting path and directs the portion of the emitted light beam into the received light beam at a side of the measurement zone opposite from the light receiver. An optical shutter intermittently closes the light transmitting path in a temporally controlled manner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a range of sight which are capable of monitoring and correcting the operability of the instrument. A light emitter directs an emitted light beam to a measurement zone and a light receiver receives a received light beam from the measurement zone. The emitted light beam and the received light beam cross each other in the measurement zone. A deflector deflects at least a portion of the emitted light beam downstream of the measurement zone along a light transmitting path and directs the portion of the emitted light beam into the received light beam at a side of the measurement zone opposite from the light receiver. An optical shutter intermittently closes the light transmitting path in a temporally controlled manner.