Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include an automated method for data access to a device by an external client, allowing the device to communicate with an internal communication network while the external client communicates with an external communication network. An example method includes: sending a communication access request from the external client for the device to a software implemented application access point; configuring a corresponding software implemented connector using the application access point, so the connector acts as an endpoint for a communication tunnel to the device; configuring a corresponding software implemented policy decision point using the application access point as an interface to the external network for arriving of application data traffic of the external client, so the policy decision point is set up to validate, accept, and forward the access request of the external client to the connector; and accessing the device via the communication tunnel.

Abstract: A system and method for promoting candidate plans for upgrade in vendor provided devices or services. A context engine generates an automation context term for a target application using inference algorithms based on a retrieved ontology of the industrial automation system. A mapping engine queries a digital catalog for candidate upgrade devices or services related to the context term and maps key performance indicators related to the context term for each candidate device or service. A cost-performance engine estimates performance improvement for each of the candidate upgrade devices or services using algorithms that generate one or more simulation models for calculating the performance improvements. A ranked list of candidate plans for upgrade of devices or services is delivered with cost and performance information to one or more graphical user interfaces in the automation system for display to a one or more users.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include methods for determining a Gaussian integer congruent to a given Gaussian integer modulo. The method may include: starting with a Gaussian integer base raised to an integer exponent having a norm smaller than or equal to that of the Gaussian integer modulus and larger than the norm of the difference of the Gaussian integer base raised to the integer exponent and the Gaussian n integer modulus; initializing a variable value candidate for the Gaussian integer congruent with the given Gaussian integer; then iteratively decrementing the variable value by a product of the Gaussian integer modulus and a component-wise down rounded quotient of the current value of the variable value candidate and the Gaussian integer base raised to the integer exponent, as long as the quotient is not vanishing; and identifying the resulting variable value candidate as the Gaussian integer congruent.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for additive manufacturing of a component. An example method includes: creating a machine code and transmitting the machine code to a controller; starting an additive manufacturing process to build the component using a print head; monitoring the process with sensors; evaluating sensor data to identify anomalies in the component during the manufacturing process; establishing a parallel digital twin of the component from sensor data comprising position data of the anomaly; predicting a position of the print head at a specific time using the machine code; analyzing a working area around the predicted position with respect to anomalies present using the digital twin; and adjusting process parameters of the manufacturing process when the working area is reached to eliminate the anomaly.

Abstract: A computer program and method for data communication in a network having a plurality of network nodes, via which method data packets are to be transferred between communication partners over protected connections, wherein the data packets originate from at least two different sending communication partners, or senders, and wherein the sending frequencies of at least two senders, at which the senders send data packets that are to be transferred over a protected connection, differ from one another, and the sending frequencies and/or variables representing same being taken into account when finding a path for the transfer of the data packets of at least one protected connection.

Abstract: An optical reading device for a pointer instrument which has a pointer and a scale face or dial with different degrees of reflectance in each case, includes an illumination device for illuminating the scale face or dial and a plurality of light sensor elements which are arranged in a circular arc about the rotational axis of the pointer in order to detect the light of the illumination device reflected back by the scale face or dial, wherein the illumination device is configured to uniformly illuminate the scale face or dial and each light sensor element is configured with an isosceles triangle outline, where each light sensor element is offset with respect to one another by half of the base width in the circumferential direction of the circular arc.

Abstract: In a method for producing a material layer by an additive process, a first suspension with binding agent and solid particles is applied through a first template onto a base area to obtain a first green body, thereby reproducing by the first template a first material region of a first material to form a magnetic flux-conductive region with a first magnetic permeability ?r>50. A second suspension with binding agent and solid particles is applied through a second template onto a base area to obtain a second green body, thereby reproducing by the second template a second material region of a second material to form a flux-blocking region with a second magnetic permeability ?r<5. The first and second green bodies are joined and a permanent, material-bonded cohesion between the first and second green bodies and the solid particles is created by heating and/or by compaction.

Abstract: Provided are complex control instruction chains to be performed in an (automation) network, in which nodes and/or device nodes and/or blockchain-external devices are networked to one another, in a simple manner even if different operators of the individual nodes and devices do not trust one another.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a control unit for controlling operation of a heat generation installation of an energy system linked to a heat network. The control unit may: control an amount of thermal power in from or out to the heat network; determine an excess thermal power from the difference between a maximum power of the installation and a thermal power required for the system; operate the installation for providing the required thermal power in the time steps for which; and put out the excess thermal power generated by the heat generation installation at these points in time into the heat network.

Abstract: A power converter includes a trace module designed to record trace signals in accordance with a trace configuration, a storage unit designed to store the trace signals recorded by the trace module, and a web server designed to enable creation of the trace configuration via a web client and to provide the trace signals stored by the storage unit to the web client. The trace configuration specifies, for each type of trace signals to be recorded, a sampling rate for the recording of the trace signals.

Abstract: An autonomous system can detect out-of-distribution (OOD) data in robotic grasping systems, based on evaluating image inputs of the robotic grasping systems. Furthermore, the system makes various decisions based on detecting the OOD data, so as to avoid inefficient or hazardous situations or other negative consequences (e.g., damage to products). For example, the system can determine whether a suction-based gripper is optimal for grasping objects in a given scene, based at least in part on determining whether an image defines OOD data.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a software module deployment method comprising: acquiring a self-description file of at least one edge device with a management device, the self-description file at least describing a software running environment and hardware resource information of the edge device; deploying a software module mirror image on a suitable edge device and establishing a connection relationship between different software module instances deployed on the edge device; automatically allocating, with the management device, a port number to be used when communication is actually performed to each software module instance deployed on the edge device; and generating a configuration file according to the software module instance deployed on each edge device, the connection relationship between different software module instances on the edge device, and the port number.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for producing a planar structure including: printing a green body of the structure using a screen printing process on a surface of a carrier substrate; generating a temperature gradient on the surface underneath the green body; removing the green body from the carrier substrate; and heat treating the green body in order to convert the green body into the planar structure. The temperature gradient is at least 0.5 K/mm along a plane of the surface and has an extent in the plane of at least 10 mm.

Abstract: A machine tool includes a tool and a workpiece machined by the tool, and sensors configured to detect a position of the tool and/or the tool holder holding the tool in a spatially and time resolved manner A method for offline and/or online identification of a state of the machine tool includes: a) detecting or providing positions pi of the tool and/or of the tool holder at a series of points in time i, i=1 . . . n; b) determining for the series of points in time i a series of position changes ?mi according to the formula ?mi=pi/pi-1 and a series of speed changes ?vi according to the formula ?vi=vi/vi-1 with v i = P i - P i - 1 t i - t i - 1 and formula v i - 1 = P i - 1 - P i - 2 t i - 1 - t i - 2 ; c) identifying the state of the tool, the tool holder, the machine tool and/or the workpiece machined in the machine tool based on the position changes ?mi and the speed changes ?vi.

Abstract: A pick & place operation picking a non-electric component and placing the picked component onto a component-carrier and a connect operation connecting the placed component with the component-carrier by implementing a connection technology on a hybrid, at least reactive and deliberative machine architecture based on a “machine world model” as a digital twin to formulate correct machine-behavioral sets being used during machine run-time as well as an “machine workflow”, and executing by machine motion generation including a collision-free motion or path planning of a machine within a machine workspace primary kinematic machine-movement-sequences enabling the pick & place operation and secondary kinematic machine-movement-sequences enabling the connect operation, and enabling the execution via the machine motion generation by initializing the “machine world model” according to a configuration file configuring the machine and the machine workspace and instantiating the “machine workflow” and updating the

Abstract: A method and arrangement for providing data from an industrial automation arrangement to an external application operated in a data cloud and arranged outside a first data network, where an industrial Edge device processes raw data from the data source and makes the processed data available to the external application, the external application transmits a work order to the gateway component, the work order is checked by the gateway component, the raw data are captured and processed according to the work order, and the processed, abstracted and/or anonymized data are provided to the external application or a destination defined in the work order, such that an external user can automatically control access and hence use the data without accessing the underlying raw data because the level of data access is automatically negotiated and produced between the components involved (data source, gateway component) while taking into account requirements and rules.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for arranging a shared cryptographic key with a communication partner. The method may include: selecting a first point of a first elliptic curve; sending the first point to the communication partner using a public channel; receiving a second point of the first elliptic curve from the communication partner; and determining the shared key using a non-trivial, inverse shared mapping of the second point with respect to a shared isomorphic mapping of a second elliptic curve onto the first elliptic curve.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for estimating a flow value for fuels of different compositions supplied to a combustion device using a mass flow sensor. An example method includes: recording a first temperature of the fuel using a first resistor element; determining a compensable value with a heat output signal of a heating element; and estimating a flow value for the fuel supply by compensation of the value compensable as a function of the first temperature and/or as a function of the fuel composition and/or as a function of the fuel gas composition on the basis of at least one saved mapping rule dependent on the first temperature and/or on the fuel composition and/or on the fuel gas composition and on the basis of a calibration characteristic curve saved for a reference gas.