Abstract: A process for introducing an optical cable, in the form of a microcable or minicable (1), in solid ground (17) with the aid of a laying unit (23). The microcable or minicable (1) used for this purpose comprises a homogeneous and pressurized-water-tight tube (8) which has an external diameter of from 2.0 to 10 mm and into which optical waveguides (3) are introduced.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance tomography apparatus employing a FISP pulse sequence, the pulse sequence is repeated with a repetition time TR with different phase-coding gradient directions and with an alternating operational sign of the flip angle &agr;. The gradient pulse trains are thereby completely balanced. A phase increment &Dgr;&PHgr;=&bgr; is generated in addition to the alternating operational sign of the flip angle &agr; between successive excitation pulses, so that the steady state signals for a first and a second spin ensemble optionally have either identical or reversed signal polarities. A first dataset on the basis of identical signal polarities and a second dataset on the basis of reversed signal polarities are obtained by means of the free selection of the mutual signal polarities. A pure image of the first and the second spin ensembles is thus obtained by the addition and/or subtraction of the first and second datasets.

Abstract: The portable data transmission system is adapted to the contactless transmission of electrical signals and/or data between a smart card and a read-write station. The smart card has an electronic circuit with a data memory and an induction coil integrated in a smart card body. A coupling element is assigned to the induction coil and is disposed in a predetermined spatial position with regard to the induction coil. The smart card and the coupling element are respectively autonomous components which can be used independently of one another. A fixing element is at least partially matched to the outer dimensions of the smart card. The fixing element supports the smart card, on the one hand, and the coupling element, on the other hand, in the predetermined position with regard to the smart card.

Abstract: The optical transmission device comprises a transmitter which emits radiation vertically with respect to a covering surface. A reflection surface reflects a portion of the emitted radiation back onto an optically sensitive reception zone of a monitor receiver which is disposed on the same side as the transmitter. An intermediate body with a reflecting circumferential surface is disposed between the reflection surface and the reception zone. At least a portion of the reflected radiation passes from the circumferential surface to the reception zone, which significantly increases the yield of the reflected portion used for monitoring purposes.

Abstract: A stroke transmission apparatus includes a displaceable stroke element, a drive element and at least one lever, which is respectively seated on the drive element and can be applied to the stroke element and to a bearing, so that with a simultaneous seating of the lever on the stroke element, on the drive element and on the bearing, a primary stroke (xp) can be transmitted to the stroke element via a lever effect of the lever, and with a changing primary stroke (xp), a stroke factor (II) can be modified by modifying at least one contact point.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an intake tract, at least one cylinder, an exhaust gas tract and inlet and outlet valves, which are assigned to the cylinder. An exhaust gas pressure in the cylinder is determined during the valve overlap of the inlet and outlet valves as a function of an estimated value of an exhaust gas pressure, which is effected by the combustion of an air/fuel mixture in the cylinder, and a variable which characterizes the centroid of the valve overlap of the inlet and outlet valves. At least one actuating signal for controlling an actuator of the internal combustion engine is derived from the exhaust gas pressure, or the internal combustion engine is monitored as a function of the exhaust gas pressure.

Abstract: A printed circuit board for electrical devices having RF components, particularly for mobile radio telecommunication devices, wherein to increase the packing density of electronic circuits and conductor-track structures on such circuit board, a “micro via” coating is initially applied to one or both sides of a printed circuit board assembly. This “micro via” coating then has, in particular, RF circuits and RF conductor-track structures applied to at least part of its surface. Finally, the RF circuits and RF conductor-track structures are protected in relation to an RF ground coating of the printed circuit board assembly by barrier areas arranged in an assembly coating, situated directly below the “micro via” coating, of the printed circuit board assembly against interfering influences which impair the RF parameters, to be set in each case, of the RF circuits and RF conductor-track structures.

Abstract: The description of the invention relates to a process for performing tests by means of which functionality and the real-time behavior of objects derived from concurrent classes can be tested. The particular advantage of the process according to the invention is that it is not individual objects that are instrumented for test purposes, but rather that the operating system is instrumented for test purposes. Furthermore, one major advantage lies in the fact that allocation information of source code to object code is used during testing which provides the programmer with a simple means of inputting test scenarios.

Abstract: The user interface contains a project window (9, 90, FIGS. 2, 3) for interfaces (clips) of a programmable controller and programming windows (20, FIGS. 4, 10, 13; 67, FIG. 16) for each output interface of the programmable controller. Each such programming window (20, 67) contains a base node as a first graphical operating element (21, FIG. 10; 68, FIG. 16) for the output interface of the particular programming window and at least one additional node which serves as a graphical operating element (35, 47, 49, 51, 53, FIG. 13) for another interface (clip) or for a group of linked interfaces of the programmable controller. Each node has an output branch line (44, 48, 50, 52, 54, FIG. 13), the end of which can be routed to the base node or to another node by means of an operating means, such as a mouse. After the end of the output branch line is deposited on a respective other node, both a graphical link between the nodes and a controlsystem link between the interfaces which the nodes represent (FIGS.

Abstract: The transmission module is composed of a housing that hermetically tightly surrounds a cavity containing a plurality of semiconductor lasers and comprises a plurality of optical connecting waveguides secured hermetically tight in the housing, each of which optically connecting a respective laser in the cavity to a respective fiber leading away from the outside of the housing.

Abstract: A stabilization apparatus for ship movements has adjustable stabilizers, drive devices by means of which the position of the stabilizers can be adjusted, a control device by means of which control signals corresponding to the required positions of the respective stabilizers can be produced and can be applied to the respective drive device a measurement device by means of which the rolling movements of a ship can be detected and measurement signals corresponding to the detected rolling movements can be produced and can be applied to the control device. In order to provide optimum stabilization.

Abstract: A method is described that can be used to apply mass-produced control units without special application tools. In this context, a data record that is to be applied from a first memory area of a flash memory is copied over to a second memory area of the flash memory. The data that are to be applied are updated in sections in a RAM and are then written back to the second memory area. The applied control data record is finally copied back to its original positions in the first memory area.

Abstract: A conveyor is described which includes, for example, a bucket wheel arranged on a jib for reducing especially compressed stockpiles or, respectively, for piling up bulk goods, conveyor is constructed so as to pick up or pile up piled-up bulk goods. The conveyor includes a measuring device for measuring the surface profile of the stockpile device. The conveyor is associated with a control device which is constructed so as to move the conveyor automatically to the desired removal or, respectively, piling-up position in dependence on the measured stockpile surface.

Abstract: The S0-interface for ISDN base access connects a four-wire line with a receiver line pair and a transmitter line pair to an ISDN terminal device, subject to potential separation within the interface. Each of the receiver lines has a respective capacitor for potential separation and the transmitter lines have a transformer. An inductance is connected into each receiver line and each transmitter line on the interface side. Preferably, the receiver line pair is connected to a voltage amplifier on the device side. The voltage amplifier has a voltage amplification in the same ratio as the voltage amplification of the transformer in the transmitter line pair.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance imaging method and apparatus, a measuring cycle of successive pulse sequences with an RF excitation pulse and magnetic field gradient pulses for rephasing the nuclear magnetization of an examination subject is generated, and the measuring cycle is interrupted after a defined number of repetitions of the successive pulse sequences before reaching a dynamic steady state, and is restarted later.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrotechnical component with a plastic-passivated surface, said component, and the application of this component are disclosed. Conventional methods for plastic passivation of the surface of an electrotechnical component require a relatively high technical outlay, and these methods, such as injection molding, are designed particularly for the processing of low-viscosity plastics. A simple method for passivation is presented which is particularly suitable for processing high-viscosity plastics. The component is arranged in a preproduced plastic body and is connected to the body. This method is proposed for the production of a piezoactuator arrangement, which is utilized for controlling injection valves in internal-combustion engines. The plastic consists of solid silicone and/or fluorinated silicone elastomer.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are distinguished in that an instruction queue is provided which is configured such that when instruction data are written into the instruction queue and/or when instruction data are read out of the instruction queue, a plurality of defined points within the instruction queue are made to start up selectively. As a result, the incidence of pauses in program execution can be reduced to a minimum.

Abstract: A method of regulating the rotational speed of multicylinder internal combustion engines is described using the rotational speed can be detected precisely and rapidly in a simple and cost-effective manner, permitting stable regulation to a constant rotational speed in the event of periodic and temporary rotational speed fluctuations. The time required for a fixed sequence of successively sensed pulses is continuously measured and used to form equidistant, uncorrected actual rotational speed values. The number of successively sensed pulses is defined as a function of the number of cylinders in the engine and the number of pulses that can be generated by the pole wheel per revolution. The time required for the number of sensed pulses corresponding to one complete revolution of the pole wheel is measured and used to form an average rotational speed. The difference between the average rotational speed and each uncorrected actual rotational speed value is smoothed to form corrected actual rotational speed values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating process, particularly for coating a gas turbine blade (1) having cooling passageways (4) opening out onto the surface (2). During the coating operation, a fluid (6) is directed out of the cooling passageways (4) to prevent blocking of the cooling passageways (4). The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing this coating process.

Abstract: A method for determining yield impact of process steps for semiconductor wafers having a plurality of dies includes the steps of correlating defects on the dies to electrical failures on the dies to determine hits on the dies, computing kill rates for the dies based on hits for each inspection process, determining a number of dies to be killed by considering kill rates for the dies with hits to weight the defects of each die and determining a yield loss for each inspection process based on the number of dies to be killed and a total number of dies on the semiconductor wafer. A system is also included.