Abstract: An electrical component which includes a circuit element such as a solid electrolytic capacitor arranged within a metallic casing or can. One electrical lead of the component is connected to the casing; the other lead is connected to the circuit element and extends through an opening in the casing. This opening is filled with a first plastic material to seal the circuit element within the casing against environmental conditions. A conformable coating of a second plastic material is disposed over the outer surface of the casing and extends over the edges of the casing into the opening so as to join with the first plastic material disposed in the opening.

Abstract: A modular telecommunication system comprises a plurality of switching blocks and a plurality of inter-connecting lines for interconnecting the switching blocks. Each of the switching blocks includes a multiplicity of line terminators each adapted to be connected to a respective data terminal. A communications controller is provided in each switching block for controlling local data exchange between pairs of line terminators connected thereto across real channels. A virtual channel controller is connected to the communications controller and controls remote data exchange across virtual channels to different switching blocks. Interface units are arranged between the virtual channel controller and a respective one of the inter-connecting lines for providing remote data exchange between data terminals each associated with a different switching block.

Abstract: A read circuit for a floppy disk drive is disclosed. The circuit comprises a read head for generating an electrical signal corresponding to recorded data, plus an amplifier, equalizing filter, low pass filter and decoder for processing the electrical signal.

Abstract: A DC power supply having an input stage receiving input power at one voltage and an output stage connected to the input stage producing output power at another, output voltage. The output stage receives a control signal reducing the output voltage by a prescribed amount when the output current exceeds a given level. The control unit includes a comparator which compares the output current with a reference level and produces a current foldback signal if the output current exceeds the reference level.

Abstract: There is disclosed a high power and/or high voltage switching operational amplifier arrangement having a comparator with a first input for a low frequency AC signal. The output of the comparator is connected with the data input of a bistable element. The bistable element is triggered by a clock pulse signal with a rate substantially higher than the frequency of the AC input signal. An amplifying stage arranged between both poles of a high power and/or high voltage source is composed of a pair of alternately operating switch means, each arranged between a respective pole of the voltage source and a common amplifier stage output. Each of the switch means is coupled by a control input to at least one of the outputs of the bistable element. A low pass filter network coupled to the amplifier stage output forms the output stage of the operational amplifier arrangement. Means for providing feedback are arranged between the filter network and a second input of the comparator.

Abstract: An X-ray generator has at least a first and a second cathode filament for emitting electrons, one end of the first filament being connected to one end of the second filament, the connection point forming a terminal. Still two further terminals are located at the ends of the serial connection of the two filaments. Two of the three terminals are connected via a diode in each connection line to the first pole of a d-c source, while the third terminal is coupled to the second pole of the d-c source. Both diodes are oppositely poled. The polarity of the d-c voltage supplied by the d-c source can be changed, for example, by a remote reversing switch. The polarity of the d-c source determines which and how many filaments are energized to provide focal spots of different size. Since two supply lines are sufficient in a high-voltage cable for feeding the first and second filaments, a third line in the cable can be used for the supply of a third heating filament.

Abstract: A floppy disk magnetic information storage and retrieval unit having a magnetic read/write head carriage and apparatus for shifting the carriage radially with respect to the floppy disk to effect data transfer with selectable tracks on the disk. The carriage shifting apparatus includes a lead screw shaft; a carriage nut arranged on the shaft and moveable axially when the shaft is rotated; and a stepper motor having a permanent magnet rotor arranged coaxially with, and rigidly attached to one end of the shaft. Two bearings are provided to hold the shaft and rotor combination at opposite ends of the shaft.

Abstract: A temperature sensor for an engine such as an automotive engine, which sensor comprises in combination an electric heat sensitive device such as preferably a thermistor, a contact board and a housing. One of the surfaces of the magnet magnetically attaches the sensor to the engine. The magnet has an aperture for housing the heat sensitive device which is retained within the aperture by a heat-conductive material. The contact board connects the leads of the heat sensitive device with leads of a cable which may be connected to an indicating device. The housing of the sensor, made of an electrically insulating material, partially encloses the magnet, thereby leaving open a surface for magnetic attachment to a ferromagnetic part of the engine, the temperature of which is to be determined.

Abstract: A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of a part of an automobile, which sensor comprises in combination a clip and an electric heat-sensitive device, such as preferably a thermistor. The clip, which attaches the sensor to the automobile part, includes a first and a second jaw. These jaws are movable between a first and a second position. In the first position, the jaws are remote from each other, whereas in the second position they are positioned close to each other. In the first jaw, there is provided a recess adjacent to the second jaw. A heat-sensitive device is retained within this recess by a heat-conductive material. The automobile part, the temperature of which is to be determined, is enclosed between the jaws when the clip is in its second position.

Abstract: A telephone switching system, such as a private branch exchange, incorporates a centrally controlled control unit for controlling operation of visual and audible station instrument display device, without interfering with the voice communication line circuits, and without requiring external circuits and equipment.

Abstract: An X-ray generator has at least a first and a second cathode filament for emitting electrons, one end of the first filament being connected to one end of the second filament, the connection point forming a terminal. Still two further terminals are located at the ends of the serial connection of the two filaments. Two of the three terminals are connected via a diode in each connection line to the first pole of a d-c source, while the third terminal is coupled to the second pole of the d-c source. Both diodes are oppositely poled. The polarity of the d-c voltage supplied by the d-c source can be changed, for example, by a remote reversing switch. The polarity of the d-c source determines which and how many filaments are energized to provide focal spots of different size. Since two supply lines are sufficient in a high-voltage cable for feeding the first and second filaments, a third line in the cable can be used for the supply of a third heating filament.

Abstract: A system for detecting railroad cars in a moving train. The cars are assumed to be of the type having two wheel trucks, each with at least two axles arranged adjacent to each other such that the maximum distance between the axles of a single truck is less than the center distance between facing axles of two trucks of a single car. The system includes a device for measuring the distance between successive axles as a train of cars moves in one direction along a track, a device for comparing each measured distance with the maximum axle distance for a truck, and a device for determining whether the axle spacing of a first truck equals the axle spacing of a second truck after the maximum axle distance for a truck has been exceeded. In this way, an individual car is detected upon identification of two identical truck assemblies which are separated by an axle spacing that is greater than the maximum permissible axle distance in a truck.

Abstract: There is disclosed a head loading carriage assembly for a data storage device such as a "floppy" disk device, the carriage assembly including a base and being movable in a radial direction relative to the recording medium. Pivoted with respect to this base are two arms: a head support arm carrying at least one magnetic head and an auxiliary load arm which is movable in respect to the head support arm between a first and a second load position. The magnetic head is in contact with the recording medium in both of these load positions; however, it is operative only in the first load position. A first spring urges the auxiliary load arm into the first load position towards the head support arm, so as to engage the magnetic head attached to this arm with the recording medium. A second spring, forming a residual leaf spring, is arranged between the head support arm and the auxiliary load arm.

Abstract: In magnetic recording devices, such as floppy disk drives, operational difficulties in the faithful reproduction of recorded data include peak shifting. The invention overcomes these difficulties by introducing a read back compensation circuit comprising a frequency equalizer which favorably amplifies a certain harmonic of the original read signal. In a recording device using a modified frequency modulation encoding scheme (MFM), for instance, this harmonic would be the second harmonic. In order to minimize the effect of circuit paramater variations the frequency equalizer may be split between two circuits, specifically between the read filter network and the read differentiating network. First switching means connected to the filter network and second switching means connected to the differentiating network are arranged as to change the damping factor and the frequency of the filter and differentiating network.

Abstract: A reference diode and a method for making same are described, wherein a single wafer of semiconductive material is processed to provide a reverse PN junction acting in its breakdown region and to provide one or more forward PN junctions in electrical series with the reverse junction. A wafer of semiconductive material of one conductivity type is diffused with an impurity to form a plurality of regions of semiconductive material of opposite conductivity type. The regions are laterally displaced from each other and each forms a reverse PN junction at the interface between the region and the remainder of the wafer. An impurity is then diffused into one or more of these regions to form one or more forward PN junctions. An additional reverse PN junction is then formed between and adjacent to two of the previously formed regions.

Abstract: A reference diode and a method for making same are described, wherein a single wafer of semiconductive material is processed to provide a reverse PN junction acting in its breakdown region and to provide one or more forward PN junctions in electrical series with the reverse junction. A wafer of semiconductive material of one conductivity type is diffused with an impurity to form a plurality of regions of semiconductive material of opposite conductivity type. The regions are laterally displaced from each other and each forms a reverse PN junction at the interface between the region and the remainder of the wafer. An impurity is then diffused into one or more of these regions to form one or more forward PN junctions. An additional reverse PN junction is then formed between and adjacent to two of the previously formed regions.