Abstract: A routing device for accessing a network device by a terminal device may include a first communication module, a processing module, and a second communication module. The processing module sends a first probe packet. The first communication module sends the first probe packet to the network device and sends the first response packet generated by the network device to the processing module. The processing module modifies an IP address of the routing device based on the first response packet such that the IP addresses of the routing device and the network device are in a shared network segment. The second communication module is connected to the processing module and the terminal device. The processing module assigns an IP address in the same network segment as that of the routing device to the terminal device.

Abstract: Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) can exploit automatic differentiation and incorporate the underlying PDEs to approximate a solution field. PINNs combine differential equations, such as compressible and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, with experimental data or high-fidelity numerical simulations. Conventional approaches to training PINNs involve introducing data and PDE losses simultaneously at the start of the training phase, often with equal weight multipliers. It is recognized herein, however, that such training approaches often result in noisy training losses, slow convergence, and high validation error.

Abstract: Methods for determination of a position of a feature of an object positioned in a field of view of the camera extending from the camera in a z-direction, wherein the camera comprises a DVS camera with a sensor chip having a plurality of sensor elements and generates for each respective sensor element imaging data including an event signal from a group of event signal types in case a light flux onto the respective sensor element changes by more than a given threshold. An example includes: scanning the field of view while varying a focal length of an optics section of the DVS camera according to a predefined pattern in time; and evaluating resulting imaging data, wherein any one or more imaging data generated by the DVS camera during the focal length variation are evaluated to determine at least a z-position of the feature in the z-direction.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include methods for generating a training dataset for training an artificial neural network. An example includes: using a first image, providing an associated parameter; providing a cutout from the first image determined by an element-wise division; and generating the training dataset comprising the cutout and the parameter. The division of the image includes superimposing an image region of a fixed height and width pixel by pixel and/or pixel group by pixel group and/or line by line and/or column by column. The following is carried out for the cutout: a homogeneity is determined, a color intensity is determined; or an edge detection is carried out. The cutouts that are provided are used as second images dependent on the determined homogeneity and/or color intensity and/or a presence of edges.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for displaying security information designed to release a lock protecting access to a device. An example includes: capturing a visual identification of the device and generating device identification information; transmitting the device identification information; receiving security information associated with the device identification information; displaying a visual output comprising at least one extract of an image of the device and the security information; and displaying a visual aid for using the security information to release the lock.

Abstract: A method for operating an industrial control system that has an automation controller with a sequential program, an actuator which actuates a switching component of the power electronics, and an input module, wherein activation and deactivation operations of the switching component cause electromagnetic interference that corrupts a measured value recorded via the input module, where a temporal occurrence of the activation and deactivation operations and/or an operating state is predicted for the switching component, and where the prediction is used to perform a correction of the measured value at a prediction time instant or during a prediction time range with respect to the corruption caused by the electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: Systems and methods detect and diagnose faults of a building automation system. Timeseries data are received from the building automation system. A label plausibility is determined for each set of timeseries data and the corresponding label associated with the set of timeseries data based on a tree-based classifier and an image transformation classifier. The tree-based classifier and the image transformation classifier receive the same data input and operating distinctly from each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a booting device (2) for a computer element (1) for booting the computer element (1), wherein the booting device (2) comprises a memory unit (3) for storing a protection code (4), and a protection unit (5) for checking the integrity of a software component (6) of the computer element (1) based on the protection code (4), wherein the booting device (2) is suitable for executing the software component (6) to boot the computer element (1), wherein the protection code (4) can be at least partially changed from outside the booting device (2). The protection code, which serves to check the integrity of a booting process, can be changed and/or updated from outside the booting device, e.g. by a user.

Abstract: A circuit breaker device protects an electric low-voltage circuit. The circuit breaker device contains a housing having a grid-side connection and one load-side connection and a mechanical separating contact unit which is connected to an electronic interruption unit in series. The mechanical separating contact unit is associated with the load-side connection and the electronic interruption unit is associated with the grid-side connection. The mechanical separating contact unit can be switched by opening contacts to prevent a current flow or closing the contacts for a current flow in the low-voltage circuit. As a result of semiconductor-based switch elements, the electronic interruption unit can be switched to a high-ohmic state of the switch elements to prevent a current flow or to a low-ohmic state of the switch elements for a current flow in the low-voltage circuit.

Abstract: A computer-implemented identity and access management system that includes at least two domains that are each assigned to a user organization, wherein a first domain is an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) domain assigned to users of an OEM organization, and a second domain is an end customer domain assigned to users of an end customer organization, where each domain includes a function memory module and a memory module for data corresponding to the functions, and where the function memory module and the data memory module of the OEM domain are configured such that they grant access only to a user of the OEM organization.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a milling machine includes deploying an untrained machine learning model for determining one or more anomalies in time series data. During operation of the milling machine, first time series data representing a rotational speed of a milling head of the milling machine and at least one further operating parameter of the milling machine are obtained by the untrained machine learning model. The untrained machine learning model is trained, during operation of the milling machine, based on the obtained first time series data. Second time series data representing the rotational speed of the milling head of the milling machine and the further operating parameter are obtained by the trained machine learning model during operation of the milling machine. One or more anomalies in the second time series data are determined by the trained machine learning model during operation of the milling machine.

Abstract: A user interface controlling unit is disclosed connected with a workflow system within a multi-user system while user interaction or directly after user interaction, comprising: gathering data concerning resource usage in the workflow system caused by the user interface controlling unit by the user interaction, measuring the effect of the user interaction regarding resource usage in the workflows system, whereby underlying command of the user interaction controls current work step in the workflow system and/or initiates the subsequent work step in the workflow system, assessing at least technical quality of the workflow system's resource usage depending on the measured effect compared with predefined requirement and/or brought about workflow simulation, providing a recommendation for improving implementation of the workflow presentation which is transformed into redesign and/or reconfiguration of the user interface controlling unit, whereby the recommendation is derived from the gathered data and from the ass

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for processing data in a communication system including a device, a registration authority, and a certificate authority. An example includes: requesting a digital certificate for the device using a certificate signature request; supplying device attributes based on the request; performing a check on the certificate signature request relating to the device using the registration authority; encoding the specific device attributes into the requested digital certificate to obtain a digital device certificate comprising the specific device attributes by way of the registration authority; if the check is successful, signing the digital device certificate using the private key of the certificate authority to issue a signed digital device certificate by way of the certificate authority; supplying the issued signed digital device certificate to the device; and performing an access scheme to access a resource using the device and the issued signed digital device certificate.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for monitoring a control program of a functional unit of a machine installation using an electronic computing device. An example includes: detecting a vulnerability within the control program; categorizing the detected vulnerability on the basis of vulnerabilities already analyzed in the past; and proposing a corrective action for the vulnerability depending on the categorization.

Abstract: Various embodiments include methods for forming a digital twin of the system. An example includes: creating and storing a first 3D scan of the system at a first point in time; creating and storing a second scan at a subsequent point on the basis of the capture result; capturing mobility properties of the system; analyzing the first or second scans of the system with respect to geometries formed for each scan; analyzing the scans of the system on the basis of a recording time in order to ascertain movable and immovable geometries of the respective scan of the system; ascertaining a property of the movement for each movable 3D geometry; determining a type of each connection element between movable and immovable geometries; generating the three-dimensional model using the captured geometries and the determined elements; and supplying the model as the basis for forming the digital twin.

Abstract: Methods for providing an item of additional cryptographic information relating to a digital certificate including an item of post-quantum cryptographic information. The method includes: retrieving the item of additional cryptographic information; providing the item of additional cryptographic information; retrieving a further item of additional cryptographic information comprising a further item of additional post-quantum cryptographic information; and providing the further item of additional cryptographic information. The further item of additional cryptographic information: confirms a third public key belonging to a user for a third cryptographic algorithm in each case, and/or protects the digital certificate with a third digital signature of the issuer of the digital certificate in each case according to a third cryptographic signature method.

Abstract: Various embodiments include systems for controlling a servo system. An example includes: a reference trajectory generator to generate reference trajectory signal of servo system based on manufacturing task instruction, terminal state prediction signal within a sliding window of the servo system, measurement signal of the servo system, and disturbance estimation signal of the servo system; a controller to generate control signal for controlling the servo system and update the disturbance estimation signal based on the reference trajectory signal and the measurement signal; and a predictor to update the terminal state prediction signal based on the reference trajectory signal, the control signal, and the measurement signal updated due to the execution of the control signal by the servo system.

Abstract: In a method for data transfer between two data processing units, a secret key is generated and encrypted using an additional key provided from a first external storage medium. The encrypted secret key is stored on the first external storage medium. Data stored on a first data processing unit are encrypted with the secret key, and the encrypted data are provided to a second data processing unit. The encrypted secret key and the additional key are read from the first external storage medium by the second data processing unit and the encrypted secret key is decrypted by the second data processing unit with the additional key. The data encrypted with the secret key are decrypted with the secret key by the second data processing unit.

Abstract: A method for predicting a drift of a machine learning algorithm in a manufacturing process includes obtaining first and second sequences of measurement data of a parameter associated with the manufacturing process. The first sequence was used for training the machine learning algorithm whereas the second sequence was not used. Each of the first and second sequences is split into a respective subset of norm measurement data and a respective subset of outlier measurement data. A similarity measure between the subset of norm measurement data of the first sequence and the subset of norm measurement data of the second sequence and a further similarity measure between the subset of outlier measurement data of the first sequence and the subset of outlier measurement data of the second sequence are determined. The drift of the machine learning algorithm is predicted based on the similarity measure and the further similarity measure.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a cryptoagile network comprising: a plurality of local devices; first hardware trust anchors of a first type, configured to perform cryptographic operations and/or process cryptographic information items according to a number of first cryptographic algorithms; second hardware trust anchors of a second type different from the first, the second anchors configured to perform cryptographic operations and/or process cryptographic information items according to a number of second cryptographic algorithms different from the first; and an anchor selection provider coupled between the plurality of local devices and the trust anchors.