Abstract: A method for stipulating a starting time for an update for a control apparatus that controls at least one peripheral component in a process automation installation by producing control outputs is disclosed. The update requires at least one predetermined down time. The invention is based on a suitable starting time for performing an update in order to perform an update in the course of operation of a process automation installation without risk. The method involves detecting a current operating state for the at least one peripheral component, taking the detected operating state as a basis for using a controlled system model of the process to simulate what state trajectory the at least one peripheral component negotiates within the down time for a predetermined static control output, and checking whether the state trajectory lies exclusively within a range of admissible operating states, and, if appropriate, starting the update.

Abstract: A brake actuator for a braking system of a rail vehicle is configured to detect an anti-skid corrected braking target value from a brake control, or has an anti-skid correction device configured to correct the braking target value detected by the brake control by a reduction signal of an anti-skid control device to the anti-skid corrected braking target value. To improve the controllability of the brake actuator, an anti-skid monitoring device is provided, to which the anti-skid corrected braking target value and the brake target value are applied, and is configured to switch from a first position to a second position under at least one predefined first switching condition, and to switch from the second position back to the first position under a second switching condition. In the first position, the anti-skid corrected braking target value is provided.

Abstract: A brake actuator for a braking system of a rail vehicle is configured to detect an anti-skid corrected braking target value from a brake control, or has an anti-skid correction device configured to correct the braking target value detected by the brake control by a reduction signal of an anti-skid control device to the anti-skid corrected braking target value. To improve the controllability of the brake actuator, an anti-skid monitoring device is provided, to which the anti-skid corrected braking target value and the brake target value are applied, and is configured to switch from a first position to a second position under at least one predefined first switching condition, and to switch from the second position back to the first position under a second switching condition. In the first position, the anti-skid corrected braking target value is provided.

Abstract: There is described an engineering systems and generating projects. The projects are used by runtime systems for the control of device and machine modular arrangements. The projects are not completely unmodifiable, instead an individualization layer is provided: particular data input possibilities for base data used by the runtime system are provided with an attribute, which gives whether the data entry in the project shall be unmodifiable or whether said entry may be optionally modifiable by the runtime system. A change is correspondingly optionally carried out with the runtime system. The actual core of the project, however does not need to be re-programmed such that a reversion to the engineering system is not necessary.

Abstract: The inventive method discloses the local, adapted and controlled introduction of internal compressive stress in convex and concave regions, such as the root region of turbine blades, by means of at least two pressure generators.

Abstract: According to the invention, in order to control the access of traffic streams (VS) to the communications network (KN), an available capacity (VK), placed at the disposal of an access node (ZK) for transferring traffic streams (VS) to said communications network (KN), is determined from an access node (ZK) of the communications network (KN), taking into account the total transfer capacity (G) of the communications network (KN). The available capacity (VS) is notably redetermined whenever the routing information (RI) of the access node (ZK) is modified. An access control of this type guarantees the quality of service required in a connectionless communications network.

Abstract: A method for producing a winding conductor (6a) for electrical appliances, in which one or a plurality of thermoplastic insulating layers (60) are applied by an extrusion process to an enameled wire (2) pre-insulated with a functional insulation (22), and in which each of these thermoplastic insulating layers (60) consists exclusively of a high-temperature thermoplastic. Also described is a winding conductor produced according to the method. The thickness of the insulating layer is respectively less than or equal to 25 ?m. The use of a high-temperature thermoplastic as the insulating layer makes it possible to produce winding conductors for thermal classes H and F at low cost in an extrusion process.

Abstract: A circuit for detecting a state of at least one electrical actuating element is described. The circuit has a signal input for receiving an input signal representing the state of the actuating element, a signal output for emitting an output signal representing the state of the actuating element, a control output for emitting an activation signal for an evaluation unit, to change over the evaluation unit from an inactive operating state to an active operating state, and a control unit. The control unit is connected to the signal input on the input side and to the control output on the output side and serves for generating the activation signal in a manner dependent on the input signal. The input signal at the signal input is an analog signal, the control unit generating the activation signal for the evaluation unit if the input signal lies within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A method for the location of shocks with a structure-borne sound monitoring system is used especially for pressurized enclosures in power plants, particularly nuclear power plants. Structure-borne sound monitoring systems were heretofore dependent upon assumptions regarding the propagation velocities of the structure-borne sound sensors. According to the invention an exact method of ascertaining the propagation velocities and the burst location is given. The invention begins with the realization that the frequency spectrum of the respective bursts of information for clarification of the dispersion behavior, for identifying the sound wave modes and for deriving the group velocity of these modes is self-evident. Burst signal-rise time differences, wave modes, especially s.sub.0 and a.sub.0 mode, as well as the pertaining group velocities are then ascertained.