Abstract: Three-dimensional modeling of patient-specific tumors. In an embodiment, patient-specific data, representing a tumor microenvironment and one or more metrics, are received. A patient-specific spatial model, representing the tumor microenvironment as a lattice comprising a plurality of elastic material points, is generated from the patient-specific data. Patient-specific drug interaction and metabolism models are also determined. The tumor microenvironment is then simulated, for one or more drug interventions, through a plurality of iterations in which each elastic material point is updated in each iteration based on computations of chemical diffusion, biochemical reactions, metabolism, drug interactions, growth and death, and mechanical forces. A report, comprising a three-dimensional representation of the patient-specific spatial model after one or more iterations, is generated for the drug intervention(s).

Abstract: Three-dimensional modeling of patient-specific tumors. In an embodiment, patient-specific data, representing a tumor microenvironment and one or more metrics, are received. A patient-specific spatial model, representing the tumor microenvironment as a lattice comprising a plurality of elastic material points, is generated from the patient-specific data. Patient-specific drug interaction and metabolism models are also determined. The tumor microenvironment is then simulated, for one or more drug interventions, through a plurality of iterations in which each elastic material point is updated in each iteration based on computations of chemical diffusion, biochemical reactions, metabolism, drug interactions, growth and death, and mechanical forces. A report, comprising a three-dimensional representation of the patient-specific spatial model after one or more iterations, is generated for the drug intervention(s).

Abstract: An inexpensive and expendable holder made of a single piece of flexible sheet material such as cardboard or plastic with object insertion openings for frictionally holding in place elongated objects such as test tubes. The insertion openings each comprise a pair of cross cuts penetrating through a top wall surface, and the orientation of immediately adjacent openings sharing a same row or column alternate between "crosses" and "exes" to maximize the number of openings per surface area of the receiving surface while maintaining the structural integrity of the surface. The holder preferably does not include a bottom wall, thereby minimizing the material and cost of the holder.