Abstract: The present invention is directed to a color display comprising an electrophoretic fluid comprising two types of pigment particles of contrasting colors and carrying opposite charge polarities dispersed in a clear and colorless solvent, wherein said electrophoretic fluid is sandwiched between a common electrode and a plurality of colored sub-pixel electrodes or colored pixel electrodes.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display fluid comprising a non-mobile or semi-mobile phase and two types of charged pigment particles dispersed in a solvent or solvent mixture, and an electrophoretic display device utilizing such an electrophoretic display fluid. The electrophoretic fluid of the present invention provides improved image qualities.

Abstract: The present invention provides driving methods for a display having a binary color system of a first color and a second color, which methods can effectively neutralize the grey level shifts due to degradation of a display medium.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising a plurality of cells, each of said cells comprises: a) partition walls; b) an electrophoretic fluid filled therein; c) a polymeric sealing layer to enclose the electrophoretic fluid within the cell; and d) an interface between the electrophoretic fluid and the sealing layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to color tuning methods for electrophoretic display devices. For example, a color tuning agent may be added to a composition for forming a display cell structure or a primer layer. Alternatively, a separate color tuning layer may be added to a display device. Further, a color tuning agent may be added to an electrophoretic display fluid. The color tuning methods are useful for adjusting the color temperature of a display device.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a color display comprising an electrophoretic fluid comprising two types of pigment particles of contrasting colors and carrying opposite charge polarities dispersed in a clear and colorless solvent, wherein said electrophoretic fluid is sandwiched between a common electrode and a plurality of colored sub-pixel electrodes or colored pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for reducing reverse bias in an electrophoretic display. The system and method include the application of varying levels of voltages across an array of electrophoretic display cells of the electrophoretic display to move the cells towards a stable state in a driving cycle. In addition, the system and method disconnect the voltages from the electrophoretic display cells at a time duration prior to reaching step transitions of the voltages during the driving cycle. Pre-driving approaches apply a first pre-driving voltage at a first polarity to the display cells before driving the display cells with a second driving voltage at a second, opposite polarity. Varying the time duration and amplitude of the pre-driving signals produces further beneficial reduction in reverse bias.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a display fluid comprising charged composite pigment particles dispersed in a solvent. The composite pigment particle comprises at least a core pigment particle, a shell coated over the core pigment particle and steric stabilizer molecules on the surface of the composite pigment particle, wherein the shell is formed from a monomer and a co-monomer. A display fluid comprising the composite pigment particles provides improved display performance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a multi-color electrophoretic display involving adding colorant solutions or dispersions of different colors and charged pigment particles in separate steps. The process comprises a first step of pattern-wise filling colorant solutions or dispersions into microcups in predetermined areas, followed by a step of pattern-wise or non-pattern-wise adding an electrophoretic fluid comprising charged pigment particles dispersed in a dielectric solvent or solvent mixture into the microcups which are pre-filled with the colorants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a color display comprising an electrophoretic fluid comprising two types of pigment particles of contrasting colors and carrying opposite charge polarities dispersed in a clear and colorless solvent, wherein said electrophoretic fluid is sandwiched between a common electrode and a plurality of colored sub-pixel electrodes or colored pixel electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to display devices comprising a watermark area and a non-watermark area. The watermark aims to protect against counterfeiting or to be used for decoration purposes. The watermark is visible at certain viewing angles and/or under certain lighting conditions and it does not interfere with displaying of the regular images.

Abstract: This application is directed to driving methods for electrophoretic displays. The driving methods comprise applying different voltages selected from multiple voltage levels, to pixel electrodes and optionally also to the common electrodes. In one embodiment, the different voltages are selected from a group consisting of 0V, at least two levels of positive voltage and at least two levels of negative voltage. The driving method is also suitable for a color display device.

Abstract: This application is directed to processes for preparing electrophoretic displays and semi-finished display panels comprising display cells prepared from the microcup and top-sealing technologies. The semi-finished display panel comprises an array of display cells sandwiched between two temporary substrate layers, between a temporary substrate layer and a conductor layer or between a temporary substrate layer and a permanent substrate layer, wherein said display cells are filled with an electrophoretic fluid and top-sealed with a polymeric sealing layer formed from a top-sealing composition which is being hardened while on top of the electrophoretic fluid.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a driving method for compensating the response speed change of an electrophoretic display due to temperature variation, photo-degradation or aging of the display device, without a complex structure (e.g., use of sensors). This is accomplished by combining two waveforms, one of which causes the grey level to become dimmer and the other waveform causes the grey level to become brighter, as the response speed degrades.

Abstract: The present invention relates to design and processes for the manufacture of backplane for segment displays. The process comprises: a) forming conductive lines on a non-conductive substrate layer; b) covering the conductive lines with a photoimageable material; c) forming conductive areas connected to the conductive lines and embedded in the photoimageable material; d) plating a conductive material over the photoimageable material to form segment electrodes; and e) optionally filling gaps between said segment electrodes with a thermal or radiation curable material followed by hardening said thermal or radiation curable material.

Abstract: This application is directed to driving methods for electrophoretic displays. More specifically, the methods are suitable where there is a requirement for a partial update of the images in the display, where a partial update means that less than 10% of the pixels require updating. An essential element of the method is a floating common electrode. This method for partial updating may be used with the prior art driving techniques in order to provide the optimum updating method for different applications.

Abstract: This application is directed to driving methods for electrophoretic displays. The driving methods comprise grey level waveforms which greatly enhance the pictorial quality of images displayed. The driving method comprises: (a) applying waveform to drive each pixel from its initial color state to the full first color then to a color state of a desired level; or (b) applying waveform to drive each pixel from its initial color state to the full second color then to a color state of a desired level.

Abstract: The driving system and methods of the present invention enable interruption of updating images. The system and methods not only have the advantage that they can prevent overdriving of an electrophoretic display, but they also allow updating images in the highest speed possible.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods and compositions useful for improving the performance of electrophoretic displays. The methods comprise adding a conductive filler in the form of nanoparticles and having a volume resistivity of less than about 104 ohm cm into at least one electrode protecting layer of the display.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrophoretic dispersion, in particular, an electrophoretic dispersion comprising uncharged or lightly charged additive particles for improving bistability of an electrophoretic display. The average diameter of the additive particles is about 1% to about 25% of the average hydrodynamic diameter of the charged pigment particles.