Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel non-aqueous capsules suitable as display cells for an electrophoretic display and the encapsulation process for their manufacture.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and an assembly process for the manufacture of liquid crystal displays. The assembly process is especially advantageous because it can be easily scalable to roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing of liquid crystal displays. The invention is directed to a photoalignable top-sealing composition for top-sealing a liquid crystal display cell.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for reducing reverse bias in an electrophoretic display. The system and method include the application of varying levels of voltages across an array of electrophoretic display cells of the electrophoretic display to move the cells towards a stable state in a driving cycle. In addition, the system and method disconnect the voltages from the electrophoretic display cells at a time duration prior to reaching step transitions of the voltages during the driving cycle. Pre-driving approaches apply a first pre-driving voltage at a first polarity to the display cells before driving the display cells with a second driving voltage at a second, opposite polarity. Varying the time duration and amplitude of the pre-driving signals produces further beneficial reduction in reverse bias.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods and compositions for improving the adhesion properties and switching performance of an electrophoretic display. The methods and compositions comprise the use of a high dielectric polymer or oligomer and optionally a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: A process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate or in-mold decoration film is disclosed. A pattern is printed with a material, such as a masking coating or ink, on the substrate, the pattern being such that, in one embodiment, the desired structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is not present, i.e., a negative image of thin film structure to be formed is printed. In another embodiment, the pattern is printed with a material that is difficult to strip from the substrate, and the desired thin film structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is present, i.e., a positive image of the thin film structure is printed. The thin film material is deposited on the patterned substrate, and the undesired area is stripped, leaving behind the patterned thin film structure.

Abstract: This application is directed to electrophoretic displays and semi-finished display panels comprising display cells prepared from the microcup and top-sealing technologies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel sealing composition for the manufacture of an electrophoretic or liquid crystal display, and a sealing process using the composition. The composition allows electrophoretic or liquid crystal cells to be seamlessly sealed and the sealing layer free of any defects.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display with improved contrast ratio, switching performance, reflectivity at the Dmin state and structural integrity, and methods for its manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electro-magnetophoresis display having either the traditional up/down or dual switching mode. The display cells are filled with an electro-magnetophoretic dispersion comprising particles suspended in a solvent and the particles are both charged and magnetized. The display of the invention prevents undesired movement of the particles in the cells. The magnetic force generated by the magnetic layer(s) eliminates the need to provide cells with a threshold voltage high enough to avoid the cross talk and/or cross bias effects. In addition, the dual switching mode allows the particles to move in the up/down direction as well as the planar direction, thus providing a multicolor display of high color quality at very low cost.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel fluorinated dye stabilizers having both high quenching efficiency and solubility in halogenated solvents. These dye stabilizers have shown a significantly effect on improving the dye fastness in hostile photooxidation conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a display device which comprises two layers of insulating substrate, at least the substrate on the viewing side is transparent, an array of display cells sandwiched between the two layers of substrate, a writing means, and optionally an erasing means to magnetically or electrically erase the image. The display cells are filled with a dispersion of magnetic particles which may be charged or non-charged. The display of the invention eliminates the use of the transparent conductor film, such as ITO, on the viewing side. Therefore, the displays of this invention are more cost effective, more flexible and durable and capable of higher image contrast ratio and higher reflectance in the Dmin area.

Abstract: This application is directed to electrophoretic displays and semi-finished display panels comprising display cells prepared from the microcup and top-sealing technologies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel electrophoretic dispersion comprising a fluorinated solvent as the continuous phase, charged pigment particles or pigment containing microcapsules as the dispersed phase, and the charge of the pigment particles is provided by a charge controlling agent comprising: (i) a soluble fluorinated electron accepting or proton donating compound or polymer in the continuous phase and an electron donating or proton accepting compound or polymer in the dispersed phase; or (ii) a soluble fluorinated electron donating or proton accepting compound or polymer in the continuous phase and an electron accepting or proton donating compound or polymer in the dispersed phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) displays comprising cells of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio which cells are filled with a liquid crystal composition preferably containing dichroic dye(s), and novel processes for their manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel patterned embossing and patterned filling methods. Both methods are simple, reliable and cost effective ways for manufacturing the segment of signage electrophoretic displays. The displays prepared by the present invention requires only one patterned electrode layer. The undesired visible line traces are eliminated and the manufacture of the present displays does not involve the costly precision registration step used in the previously known assembly processes dealing with two patterned electrodes. Moreover, the electrophoretic fluid is present only in the patterned and switchable area of the display. This not only significantly reduces the material cost, but also improves the overall display quality by reducing defects and non-uniformity.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display with improved contrast ratio, switching performance, reflectivity at the Dmin state and structural integrity, and methods for its manufacture.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display (EPD) with thermal control is disclosed for controlling and maintaining an image in extreme temperature environments. Techniques are also disclosed for maintaining the EPD cell threshold voltage for EPD cells comprising an EPD display media at or above a desired level in an environment in which the EPD may be subjected to an extreme temperature. The techniques comprise sensing a sensed temperature associated with the EPD display media, determining whether the sensed temperature satisfies a criterion established to ensure that the display media temperature remains at a level associated with an acceptable EPD cell threshold voltage, and in the event it is determined that the sensed temperature does not satisfy the criterion, controlling the EPD display media temperature as required to bring the sensed temperature to a level that satisfies the criterion.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel reactive protective colloid system suitable for stabilizing an electrophoretic display in which a halogenated solvent, particularly a fluorinated, more particularly a perfluorinated, solvent, or a mixture thereof, is used as the dielectric solvent.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising cells of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio, which cells are filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a solvent, and novel processes for its manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved EPD which comprises both the traditional up/down switching and the in-plane switching modes. In other words, the improved EPD has dual switching modes. The monochrome EPDs of the present invention are capable of displaying highlight color of choice which is different from the text. For example, white background, blue text, and red highlight can be shown in any selected areas of the display. Furthermore, the full color EPDs of the present invention are capable of displaying high contrast images of high color saturation. Both high quality black and white states are possible in the full color displays of the present invention. The EPDs of the present invention do not need complex circuitry design, and are compatible with low cost and high yield roll-to-roll manufacturing processes.