Abstract: Methods and systems are described for enabling an operative coupling to a network. In use, first data is received at a first node in a first network. The first data is forwarded between the first node to a second node in a second network, using a network relay. Additionally it is determined that a specified decoupling condition is met, and subsequent to forwarding the first data and in response to determining that the decoupling condition is met, the second operative coupling is disabled while the first operative coupling remains enabled for receiving second data for forwarding.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method and apparatus are configured to receive information associated with a path from a first node to a second node; and generate a set of one or more segment identifiers at least one of which is in an address space having a span in a current region in which the first node resides, and is configured for use in identifying a next region, wherein the set of one or more segment identifiers encodes the path.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for detecting movement of a portable electronic device; receiving video data, for a first object, captured by a video capture device during the movement; and utilizing the video data, presenting a video by a display device of the portable electronic device that is viewable to a user for directing an attention of the user in connection with the first object.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique to: receive, from at least one other node in a network, a plurality of segment identifiers, utilizing at least one of a link state protocol, a distance vector protocol, or a path vector protocol, store, in a data structure, the plurality of segment identifiers associated with nodes represented in a topology of at least a portion of a network, select, from the plurality of segment identifiers in the data structure and based on a specified policy, a first sequence of segment identifiers that identify a first sequence of at least one of: one or more nodes, one or more network interfaces, or one or more network regions, at least partially in a first path segment that communicatively couples the transmitting node with a receiving node in the network and that includes at least one particular node which is not predetermined by the first sequence of segment identifiers such that the at leas

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for associating a name with a network path. In an aspect, a first message is received, from a first node by a second node via a first network path in a network. A first symbolic identifier of the first node is identified, wherein the first network path includes a first hop included in communicatively coupling the first node and the second node. Second path information is identified that identifies a second hop in a second network path included in communicatively coupling the second node and a third node. A second message is sent, identifying the first symbolic identifier and the first hop, to the third node via the second hop to associate the first symbolic identifier with a third network path that includes a node included in at least one of the first hop and the second hop. In another aspect, a second node in a network detects a first node in first hop included in communicatively coupling the second node and the first node.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique for: at a service node: receiving an indication of a receipt of a request that is transmitted by a first node via a domain name system (DNS) protocol, the request including an identifier for use in data traffic routing from the first node to a second node in a network; detecting the identifier included with the request; using the detected identifier, determining first path information that is configured for use in identifying one or more path segments that communicatively couple the first node to the second node; generating a response to the request, the response including the first path information; and transmitting the response so that the first path information is capable of being used in identifying at least one path segment in the one or more path segments for traffic data routing from the first node to the second node.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a current node, system, method, and non-transitory computer-readable media are provided to: allow receipt of a first packet with first data, and a first header including a first segment identifier that is associated with a first algorithm and that identifies at least one of a particular node, a particular network interface, or a particular region; process the first segment identifier to identify a first path based on the first algorithm; cause transmission, via the first path, of the first data toward the at least one of the particular node, the particular network interface, or the particular region; allow receipt of a second packet with second data, and a second header including a second segment identifier that is different from the first segment identifier, that is associated with a second algorithm, and that identifies the at least one of the particular node, the particular network interface, or the particular region; process the second segment identifier to identify a second path b

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method and apparatus are configured to receive, at a node in a first access network, a data packet, wherein the first access network is connected, via a first area edge node, to a first area of a subdivided network; receive, from a centralized controller for the subdivided network, a segment identifier data structure, wherein the segment identifier data structure encodes a path extending from the first area edge node to a second access network; encapsulate the data packet; and forward the encapsulated data packet toward the first area edge node.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method and apparatus are configured to detect a topology change in a network, wherein the topology change disrupts an existing path between a first network node and a destination network node; calculate path information in response to the topology change, wherein the path information comprises path information for at least one updated path from the first network node to the destination network node; identify a maximum time for at least a portion of the network to reach a post-convergence state with respect to the topology change; and until the maximum time has elapsed at the first network node, specify at least a portion of the at least one updated path in a packet header of a packet being sent from the first network node to the destination network node.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique to: receive an indication of a receipt, via a first path segment, of a first packet that includes a header that is configured for use in identifying a path segment identifier data structure that includes a sequence of path segment identifiers including at least one first path segment identifier configured for use in identifying the first path segment, a second path segment identifier that identifies a region of a network that does not include the current node and that is configured for use in identifying a second path segment, and a third path segment identifier configured for use in identifying a third path segment; detect, using the header of the first packet, the path segment identifier data structure and an active identifier indicator for designating one of the path segment identifiers in the sequence for use by the current node; determine that the active identifier indicator de

Abstract: In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable media is provided storing computer instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a first node in a network, cause the first node to: receive an Internet Protocol (IP) packet that includes a first identifier and further includes an outside-scope second identifier that, for the first node, identifies a first region that does not include the first node and that is communicatively coupled to the first node via a second node; select, based on the outside-scope second identifier and based on at least one of a policy, a metric, or a routing table, an outgoing network interface included in at least one path segment of a plurality of path segments that communicatively couple the first node and at least one other node communicatively coupled to the first region, the plurality of path segments including at least one multi-hop path segment; and forward, via the outgoing network interface and to the second node, data received in the IP packet.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method and apparatus are configured for identifying a plurality of segment identifiers by accessing a data structure that relates each of the segment identifiers to one or more nodes in a network, where advertisements are used to communicate the segment identifiers; assembling the plurality of segment identifiers into a segment identifier stack for routing of a message; inserting the segment identifier stack into a header associated with the message; and forwarding the message according to an entry in a table corresponding to a segment identifier of the segment identifier stack.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method and apparatus are configured to receive information associated with a path from a first node to a second node; and generate a set of one or more segment identifiers at least one of which is in an address space having a span in a current region in which the first node resides, and is configured for use in identifying a next region, wherein the set of one or more segment identifiers encodes the path.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable media is provided for storing instructions, that when executed by one or more processors of a topology node, cause the topology node to: identify a first sequence of identifiers for data routing in a label switching network from a first node in the label switching network; identify a second sequence of identifiers for data routing in the label switching network from a second node in the label switching network; identify a policy for use in constraining data routing from the first node to a third node; include the first sequence of identifiers and the second sequence of identifiers in a third sequence of identifiers that reflects the policy such that data routing is constrained from the first node to the third node via a plurality of network paths that each include at least one node in the label switching network; and provide path information that identifies the third sequence of identifiers, for constraining data routing, according to the policy, to the th

Abstract: In various embodiments, a system and method are provided for generating segment routing (SR) segment lists. In one embodiment, a node receives information that identifies a path from a first node to a second node. Based on the received path, a set of segment identifiers that encodes the path is generated. A packet that is forwarded along the set of segment identifiers travels the received path.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and apparatus are provided comprising: a first node configured to receive information that identifies a path from a first node to a second node; and generate a set of segment identifiers, wherein the set of segment identifiers encodes the path and each segment identifier within the set of segment identifiers is included in one or more respective tables stored at each segment routing enabled node along the path.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique to: determine one or more operations each associated with a respective outside scope identifier that identifies at least one region of a network and that is includable in path information for routing data along a network path that includes a border node of each region of the network, wherein, for each region, the one or more operations associated with the respective outside scope identifier is for processing by the border node of each region as a result of routing the data along the network path; generate a packet including the path information, and one or more headers that include: one or more pointer portions and one or more operation portions; and transmit the packet along the network path from the network device, wherein the generation of the packet comprises: writing, to the one or more headers, one or more pointers to the one or more pointer portions, and one or more operation

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and apparatus are provided comprising: a first node configured to receive a packet, wherein the packet comprises an internet protocol (IP) header; and update the packet, wherein updating the packet comprises writing information to a destination address of the IP header, and the information comprises a segment identifier (SID).

Abstract: A method is provided, comprising: developing at least a portion of a particular application that is configured to be installed on at least one device including an operating system, a web browser, and another application; via at least one network, receiving, at at least one server and from the at least one device, a request initiated via the another application or the particular application of the at least one device; and in response to the request, serving, to the at least one device via the at least one network, the web page that includes the HTTP link such that, in response to a selection of the HTTP link via the another application or the particular application of the at least one device, the HTTP link causes the operating system to: based on a result of the analysis involving the first information and the second information, open the HTTP link utilizing the web browser of the at least one device.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an apparatus, a non-transitory computer-readable media, and a method are provided, involving a technique to: receive, from at least one other node in a network, a plurality of segment identifiers, utilizing at least one of a link state protocol, a distance vector protocol, or a path vector protocol; store the plurality of segment identifiers associated with nodes represented in a topology of at least a portion of the network; select, from the plurality of segment identifiers in the data structure and based on a specified policy, a first sequence of segment identifiers that identify a first sequence of at least one of: one or more nodes, one or more network interfaces, or one or more network regions, at least partially in a first path segment that communicatively couples the transmitting node with a receiving node in the network; identify, based on a segment identifier in a first subsequence, of the first sequence of segment identifiers, that precedes a second subsequence of the first s