Abstract: Disclosed is an agent based on ferrosilicon for the treatment of cast iron melts before treatment with spheroidal graphite-inducing elements, especially magnesium, wherein, as additive elements, the agent additionally contains calcium, aluminum, manganese, zirconium, cerium and lanthanum. The content of iron plus silicon is at least 75% by weight with reference to the weight of all components and the elements zirconium, cerium and manganese additively are at least 5% by weight of the agent. The present invention also provides a process for the production of this agent, as well as a process for treating cast iron melts therewith.

Abstract: A process for desulfurizing molten iron using a fine-grain agent consisting essentially of industrial calcium carbide, a dried coal, the coal containing at least 15% by weight of volatile components, and fine-grained magnesium and which agent is injected in fluidized form into an iron melt by means of a gas, comprising separately storing fine-grained magnesium and a calcium carbide/coal mixture, separately fluidizing the fine-grained magnesium and calcium carbide/coal mixture, combining the fluidized fine-grained magnesium and calcium carbide/coal mixture in a conveying line or lance and injecting the resultant combined fluidized mixture into an iron melt.

Abstract: A fine-grained agent for desulfurizing molten iron comprising industrial calcium carbide, dried coal which contains at least 15% by weight of volatile constituents and which, immediately after being passed into the molten iron, releases at least 80 standard liters of gas per kg of coal, and optionally contains fine-grained magnesium. The coals used are lignites, flame coal, gas-flame coal, gas coal or coking coal. The agent is prepared by addition of the dried coal to the calcium carbide, if appropriate, pre-crushed, and common comminuted to a grain size of 90% <200 .mu.m. The fine-grained magnesium is present in the agent either in uniform distribution, or it is stored and fluidized separately from the carbide/coal mixture and added to the carbide/coal mixture in the transport line or in the lance, if appropriate, with variation during injection.

Abstract: This invention relates to a chloride-free hardening accelerant for Portland cement which is active in particular at low temperatures and contains calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, hexamethylenetetramine and sodium hydroxide. The accelerant is prepared by reacting the calculated amount of formaldehyde with calcium ammonium nitrate in aqueous solution at between room temperature and 55.degree. C. under alkaline conditions established with sodium hydroxide. After the reaction had ended this solution can be used directly as such or be converted into a powder by means of a suitable drying operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides metal compounds of acid group-containing condensation products or co-condensation products of ketones and aldehydes, obtainable by the reaction of acid group-containing ketone-aldehyde condensation products and/or co-condensation products with mono- or polyvalent metal compounds and/or metal complex compounds of metals of Groups IIIA to VIIIA and/or IB to VB of the Periodic System.The present invention also provides processes for the production of these metal compounds, which can be used as thickening agents, surface-active agents, emulsifiers, dispersion agents and/or liquefying agents, especially in aqueous systems.

Abstract: A method and composition for desulfurization of hot metal is disclosed. To the hot metal there is added a composition comprising calcium carbide, a hydrogen releasing compound and magnesium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a treatment agent for cast iron melts based upon ferrosilicon magnesium with a silicon content of from 40 to 80% by weight and a magnesium content of from 0.5 to 15% by weight, said agent being in the form of granules with a specific surface area of from 0.2 to 0.8 m.sup.2 /g. according to BET.The present invention also provides a process for the production of this treatment agent, wherein a jet of molten ferrosilicon magnesium alloy is directed on to a bounce plate made of fire-resistant material and the melt droplets which bounce back from bounce plate are allowed to solidify in a liquid-filled collection receiver.

Abstract: A method is described for drying extracts of natural substances obtained by high-pressure extraction with liquefied gases or gases in the supercritical state; it consists in treating the gas stream that is charged with the extract with a solid drying agent, preferably calcium sulfate, in powder or granular form.

Abstract: A process is described and claimed for reducing the iron content of a CaO-rich slag which is formed during the desulphurization of molten crude iron which comprises adding finely-ground fluorspar to the melt, in the ladle, or adding it to the lade prior to adding the crude iron thereto, in an amount such that the slag is not rendered fluid.

Abstract: A method of and a ladle for the treatment of a cast iron melt with a substance capable of inducing the formation of spheroidal graphite utilizes an elongated generally cylindrical vessel lined with a refractory and formed at opposite ends with cylinder bottoms. The vessel can be tilted between a horizontal and upright orientation and angularly displaced about a longitudinal axis at least in its horizontal orientation. A partition in the vessel adjacent one of the cylinder bottoms defines a chamber at one end of the vessel opening within the vessel toward the opposite end thereof and disposed at an upper portion of the vessel in its horizontal orientation. A closable opening at the other end of the vessel enables a cast iron charge to be introduced into the vessel in the horizontal orientation thereof. The vessel is then tilted upwardly to effect the reaction and swung back to its horizontal orientation for deslagging before the charge is tapped by angular displacement about the longitudinal axis.