Abstract: A bone cement mixing apparatus for mixing components of bone cement is described. The apparatus comprises a mixer unit, the mixer unit having a drive mechanism and a mixing cylinder comprising a housing and a mixing mechanism, the mixing mechanism adapted, in use, to mix components of bone cement contained within the housing. The drive mechanism is adapted to create rotational movement of the mixing mechanism with respect to the mixing cylinder housing and to create axial movement of the mixing mechanism with respect to the mixing cylinder housing.