Abstract: A method for regulating a decentralized energy generating system with a plurality of inverters (IN) is disclosed. The method includes receiving at the PPC a detected active power, reactive power and voltage amplitude at a grid connection point (PCC) of the energy generating system; and regulating, in a normal operating mode of the energy generating system, the reactive power and the active power to target values stipulated by a grid operator by virtue of the central control unit (PPC) dividing the stipulated target values into individual target stipulations for the plurality of inverters (IN) and communicating individual target stipulations to the inverters (IN). The method further includes selectively changing to a special operating mode of the energy generating system if particular criteria are present at the grid connection point (PCC) in a stipulated time interval.

Abstract: A coil form with a low inter-winding capacitance is disclosed including a bobbin formed from an electrically insulating material and including a tube section shaped wall. A coil is mechanically supported by the bobbin and includes a first plurality of conductor windings on the outside of the wall and a second plurality of conductor windings on the inside of the wall. Furthermore, a transformer with such a coil form as any of its primary or secondary windings is disclosed.

Abstract: A solar module includes a series circuit of solar cells, a switch arranged in parallel with a section of the series circuit, and an actuation circuit. The actuation circuit is operably coupled to the switch, and is configured to actuate the switch in a clocked manner with a duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle is based on a voltage dropped across the series circuit or across a portion of the series circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrically disconnecting a first part from a second part of a photovoltaic string, which parts can be connected to a first terminal and a second terminal of the apparatus, respectively. The apparatus includes a switch coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal; and an actuation apparatus configured to open the switch when a voltage applied to at least one of the first and second terminals relative to a potential applied to a reference terminal is outside of a prescribed value range.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an inverter with at least one inverter bridge and at least two galvanically isolating DC/DC converters, outputs of the DC/DC converters being connected in parallel with one another and being connected to inputs of the inverter bridge. At least two of the DC/DC converters are intercoupled on the input side via a diode, such that the diode is connected with its terminals to one of the inputs of the two direct voltage converters in each case. The disclosure also relates to a use for such an inverter.

Abstract: A method of repowering a photovoltaic power plant from a first configuration is described, wherein in the first configuration, a pair of combiners is connected in series between two homeruns via a PV tie device. The combiners are configured to combine DC power produced by solar generators respectively connected thereto and provide the combined DC power at outputs thereof, and the PV tie device is configured to couple a midpoint potential of the series connected combiners to ground during operation of the power plant. The homeruns transmit the combined DC power to an old inverter for conversion into AC power for feeding into an AC grid connected to the old inverter.

Abstract: A relay arrangement includes at least two series-connected relays, which are mechanically and electrically connected to a main printed circuit board via first terminals and second terminals, and at least one flat conductor for conducting current between the at least two series connected relays. The flat conductor is mechanically connected to the main printed circuit board and electrically and thermally connected to the first terminals of the relays, and the at least one flat conductor is configured to dissipate heat produced during operation of the relays.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a bus voltage secondary ripple suppression method and a bus voltage secondary ripple suppression device. The method includes: determining a current working mode of an inverter Boost circuit; wherein the working mode includes a continuous current mode (CCM) and a discontinuous current mode (DCM); calculating an output compensation amount according to the current working mode of the inverter Boost circuit; superimposing the output compensation amount on a control output amount of the Boost circuit; and controlling the Boost circuit by a control output amount superimposed with an output compensation amount. According to the scheme of this embodiment, the third harmonic in the output current of the inverter is reduced, and the current output quality of the inverter is improved.

Abstract: A solar module includes one or more photovoltaic (PV) modules, a short-circuit switch connected in parallel with at least one of the one or PV modules, and a control unit connected in parallel with the short-circuit switch. The at least one of the one or more PV modules supplies electrical power to the control unit and is connectable via a first and a second module terminal to further solar modules to form a string. The control unit is configured to actuate the short-circuit switch depending on an insulation voltage dropped between a ground potential reference terminal of the solar module and one of the first and second module terminals.

Abstract: A method of detecting a serial arc fault in a DC-power circuit includes injecting an RF-signal with a narrow band-width into the DC-power circuit and measuring a response signal related to the injected RF-signal in the DC-power circuit. The method further includes determining a time derivative of the response signal, analyzing the time derivative, and signaling an occurrence of a serial arc fault in the power circuit based on the results of the analysis. A system for detecting an arc fault is configured to perform a method as described before.

Abstract: A method and associated system for minimizing grid feedback of a PV park to an energy supply grid connected to a point of common coupling is disclosed, wherein the PV park has a plurality of inverters divided into groups. The method includes, for at least a first inverter of each group, determining a first parameter representative of a first coupling impedance between the first inverter and the point of common coupling and determining a second parameter representative of a second coupling impedance between the group containing the first inverter and the point of common coupling. The method further includes storing the first parameter and the second parameter in an operating control unit of the first inverter, and, in daytime operation of the PV park, feeding in reactive power by the first inverter depending on the first parameter, said reactive power corresponding to the magnitude of a reactive power drawn by the respective underlying first coupling impedance.

Abstract: A system for distributing locally generated energy from at least one renewable DC source to a plurality of local load units of the system, including, for each load unit: an input terminal configured to connect to a grid, and an output terminal configured to connect to at least one load. Further for each load the system includes an inverter including an inverter input and an inverter output, wherein the inverter input is connected to the at least one renewable DC source and the inverter output is connected to the input terminal and to the output terminal of the respective load unit, and wherein the inverter is configured to convert a direct current at the inverter input into an alternating current at the inverter output.

Abstract: A method for black starting a power supply device is disclosed, wherein the power supply device includes at least one bidirectional inverter having an AC-side connection for a grid and a battery connected to the DC side of the bidirectional inverter. The method includes operating an activation device of the power supply device so that the activation device applies a voltage to a control line of the battery to place the battery into an operating state, wherein the voltage provided by the activation device is provided by an auxiliary battery. The method also includes putting the bidirectional inverter into an operating state after the voltage provided by the auxiliary battery is applied to the control line.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an inverter with at least one inverter bridge and at least two DC converters, the outputs of the DC converters being connected to inputs of the inverter. The inverter includes an exchangeable adapter having input terminals for connection to power sources or loads and output terminals connected via input terminals to inputs of the DC-DC converters. Within the adapter each of the output terminals is connected to one of the input terminals and/or another of the output terminals.

Abstract: A method for operating an island system is disclosed. The island system includes a group of voltage-controlling converters, wherein each of the voltage-controlling converters of the group are configured to convert power of respectively connected regenerative power sources into AC power in accordance with a respective frequency-power characteristic curve. The island system also includes a load having a power consumption that depends on a voltage amplitude of an AC voltage of the island system, and a control unit that is configured to transmit a default value of the voltage amplitude to the group of voltage-controlling converters. The method adapts the power to be consumed by the load.

Abstract: An inductor assembly includes at least one inductor coil, a metallic inductor housing at least partially enclosing the inductor coil, and a potting material both contacting the inductor coil and the metallic inductor housing and thermally coupling the inductor coil to the metallic inductor housing. The inductor coil includes a bobbin made of electrically insulating material, and an inductor winding made of an electric conductor wound on the bobbin. The inductor winding further has an outer circumference and two end faces, and an electric insulation covers the outer circumference of the inductor winding.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a protective circuit for a photovoltaic (PV) module that includes an input having two input terminals for connecting the PV module, an output having two output terminals for connecting further PV modules of a series circuit comprising PV modules, a first switch for connecting one of the input terminals to one of the output terminals, and a controller configured to control the first switch, wherein the protective circuit further includes a series circuit including a first diode and an energy store, wherein the series circuit is arranged in parallel with the input of the protective circuit. The protective circuit also includes a second diode, which connects an output terminal of the protective circuit to a midpoint of the series circuit including the first diode and the energy store, and wherein a series circuit including the second diode and the energy store is connected in parallel with the first switch.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a driver circuit that is intended for a power semiconductor switch having a unidirectional flow direction and having a control connection, a reference potential connection and a controlled connection. The driver circuit includes a driver module having a control output, a reference potential input and an overvoltage monitoring input. In this case, the control output is connected to a first connection that is provided for connection to the control connection, the reference potential input is connected to a second connection that is provided for connection to the reference potential connection, and the overvoltage monitoring input is connected, via a first diode, to a third connection that is provided for connection to the controlled connection. The overvoltage monitoring input is also connected to the reference potential input via a capacitance.

Abstract: A photovoltaic power plant (25, 32, 33, 34, 35) comprising one or more photovoltaic devices (27), each device comprising at least two terminals (30, 31) wherein one or more of the terminals (30, 31) is connected to a switch (12, 13) which is in turn connected to a point (10, 15, 16) held at a voltage relative to ground (11) and at least one switch (12, 13) is controlled in response to one or more parameters, and a method of controlling such a power plant (25, 32, 33, 34, 35).

Abstract: A method for determining a currently maximum possible power of a photovoltaic (PV) installation operated in a curtailed manner and including a PV generator having at least one string, wherein the at least one string includes a series circuit of PV modules, in which at least one PV module is connected to adjacent PV modules in the string via a coupling circuit. The installation further includes an inverter which is connected, on the output side, to an energy supply grid and is connected, on the input side, to the PV generator. The installation also includes a controller for controlling the inverter and the coupling circuit, wherein the controller, in conjunction with the coupling circuit, is designed to vary a power drain of the PV module assigned to it relative to a power drain of the adjacent PV modules during operation of the PV installation.