Abstract: A sampling plate (1) is provided comprising a sample zone (2) for receiving a liquid sample, and two drive electrodes (3, 4) with separate respective electrode terminals spaced by a spacing for receiving a the liquid sample within the sample zone for use in driving an electrical signal through the sample. Two sensing electrodes (5, 6) are provided with separate respective electrode terminals spaced between the electrode terminals of the two drive electrodes for use in sensing an electrical signal generated by the drive electrodes within a the sample. A sampling apparatus (15) is provided for use with the plate.