Abstract: A communications system in which a communications channel is defined at least in part by an electromagnetic wave having a carrier frequency and an electric field vector, the extremity or terminus of which traces a non-linear periodic path at a rotation frequency less than the carrier frequency and greater than zero from the perspective of an observer looking into the axis of propagation of the wave. The transmitter of the communications system launches a wave having such characteristics and modulated with information in a suitable manner. The receiver of the communications system is sensitive to the periodic path and rotation frequency. The combination of the periodic path and the carrier frequency provides selectivity that can be used to define multiple communications channels.

Abstract: A transformer system comprises a transformer star winding to be coupled to an antenna system, and a transformer delta winding disposed with said transformer star winding. The transformer star winding includes a set of star elements and the transformer delta winding includes a set of delta elements each being substantially perpendicularly disposed with a corresponding star element from the set of star elements.

Abstract: A antenna system is provided, including a substantially annular antenna element having an inner perimeter edge. The antenna system also includes a two-dimensional amplifier system coupled to the inner perimeter edge of the antenna element. The two-dimensional amplifier system may comprise a plurality of one-dimensional amplifiers, each one-dimensional amplifier being coupled to the inner perimeter edge of the antenna element at substantially equally spaced angular positions. The two-dimensional amplifier system may also comprise a two-dimensional field effect transistor. The antenna element and two-dimensional amplifier system are configured to either receive or transmit a wave having a carrier frequency and an electric field vector, the terminus of which traces a nonlinear path within a plane transverse to an axis of wave propagation at an angular velocity corresponding to a rotation frequency between the carrier frequency and zero.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave is transmitted from and received by an antenna system having a cavity member, a passive antenna element and a driver element. The cavity member has a back portion and a wall portion which define a substantially cylindrical interior portion. The antenna element has a first end disposed within the interior portion of the cavity member. The driver element is coupled to the interior portion of the cavity member.

Abstract: A measurement system includes a receiver system and a display system. The receiver system receives one or more electromagnetic (EM) waves each having a carrier frequency and a rotation frequency. The receiver system determines an amplitude for each EM wave. The display system displays the amplitude for each EM wave as a function of carrier frequency and rotation frequency. Another measurement system measures and displays the angular position or orientation and amplitude of the E-field of a received EM wave as a function of time.

Abstract: A communications system in which a communications channel is defined at least in part by an electromagnetic wave having a carrier frequency and an electric field vector, the extremity or terminus of which traces a non-linear periodic path at a rotation frequency less than the carrier frequency and greater than zero from the perspective of an observer looking into the axis of propagation of the wave. The transmitter of the communications system launches a wave having such characteristics and modulated with information in a suitable manner. The receiver of the communications system is sensitive to the periodic path and rotation frequency. The combination of the periodic path and the carrier frequency provides selectivity that can be used to define multiple communications channels.

Abstract: A communications system in which a communications channel is defined at least in part by an electromagnetic wave having a carrier frequency and an electric field vector, the extremity of which traces a non-linear periodic path at a second frequency between the carrier frequency and zero from the perspective of an observer looking into the axis of propagation of the wave. The transmitter of the communications system launches a wave having such characteristics and modulated with information in a suitable manner. The receiver of the communications system is sensitive to the periodic path and second frequency. Either the periodic path, the second frequency, or both provide selectivity that can be used to define multiple communications channels.

Abstract: An axial field motor/generator having a rotor that includes at least three annular discs magnetized to provide multiple sector-shaped poles. Each sector has a polarity opposite that of an adjacent sector, and each sector is polarized through the thickness of the disc. The poles of each magnet are aligned with opposite poles of each adjacent magnet. Metal members adjacent the outermost two magnets contain the flux. The motor/generator also has a stator that includes a stator assembly between each two adjacent magnets. Each stator assembly includes one or more conductors or windings. Although the conductors may be formed of wire having a round, uniform cross-section, they may alternatively be formed of conductors having a tapered cross-section that corresponds to the taper of the sectors in order to maximize the density of the conductor in the gap between axially adjacent poles. The conductors may also alternatively be formed of traces in a printed circuit, which may have one or more layers.