Abstract: A method of making a highly sensitive epitaxial germanium low temperature sensor that is superior in the method of production and performance than those currently available. The geometry and sensitivity of the sensor can be tuned to desired temperature ranges, and specifically can operate at cryogenic temperatures. The sensor can be manufactured uniformly and reproducibly in large quantities at relatively low cost in which large area arrays are possible. The applications of the sensors range from conventional low temperature thermometry and control in laboratory and industrial settings, to applications associated with infrared, x-ray, particle and plasma physics and spectroscopy.

Abstract: X-ray diagnostic system. The system includes a source of x-rays which communicates with an x-ray beam concentrator spaced apart from the x-ray source and disposed for receiving x-rays from the x-ray source. An x-ray spectrometer is disposed for receiving x-rays from the concentrator. In a preferred embodiment, the concentrator is formed of a cylindrical spiral of a metal-coated plastic material having a surface for reflecting x-rays. In another embodiment, the concentrator includes a plurality of concentric nested cylinders of a metal-coated plastic material for reflecting x-rays. In yet another embodiment, the concentrator is a glass capillary bundle. The concentrator allows the spectrometer to be spaced away from the source of x-rays such as scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: X-ray diagnostic system. The system includes a source of x-rays which communicates with an x-ray beam concentrator spaced apart from the x-ray source and disposed for receiving x-rays from the x-ray source. An x-ray spectrometer is disposed for receiving x-rays from the concentrator. In a preferred embodiment, the concentrator is formed of a cylindrical spiral of a metal-coated plastic material having a surface for reflecting x-rays. In another embodiment, the concentrator includes a plurality of concentric nested cylinders of a metal-coated plastic material for reflecting x-rays. In yet another embodiment, the concentrator is a glass capillary bundle. The concentrator allows the spectrometer to be spaced away from the source of x-rays such as scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: A method and system for producing polarized .sup.129 Xe gas in an economical manner, allowing the polarized .sup.129 Xe gas to be used commercially in research and clinical applications. The production system of the present invention includes a holding tank for holding an unpolarized xenon gas/nitrogen gas mixture. The holding tank is in communication with a temperature controlled polarization chamber. A wide spectrum high power light source such as a diode laser array is in communication with the polarization chamber. The alkali metal vapor is optically pumped by the light source. The polarization chamber, which contains a given quantity of an alkali metal and its associated vapor, receives the gaseous mixture from the holding tank. The optically pumped alkali metal vapor atoms then collide with the xenon gas atoms, thus polarizing the xenon atoms. The entire gaseous mixture expands out of the polarization chamber into a device that separates the alkali metal vapor atoms from the polarized .sup.129 Xe atoms.