Abstract: A blowing agent composition comprising an oxidation product of one or more sugars and an optional second blowing agent. A foamed polymer composition comprising a polymer and a blowing agent comprising an oxidation product of one or more sugars and an optional second blowing agent. A method comprising forming a mixture comprising a blowing agent, an optional second blowing agent and a polymer and extruding the mixture to form a foamed polymer wherein the blowing agent comprises an oxidation product of one or more sugars. A method of making a foamed polymeric material comprising extruding a polymeric material and a blowing agent wherein the blowing agent comprises the oxidation product of one or more sugars.

Abstract: A chemoenzymatic process for the preparation of 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid includes contacting D-glucose with (i) at least two enzymes selected from the group consisting essentially of galactose oxidase, pyranose 2-oxidase, glucarate dehydratase, catalase and a combination thereof to produce an intermediate; and (ii) a heterogeneous metal catalyst to form 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: An additive comprising (i) a sugar oxidation product and (ii) a solvent.

Abstract: A composition including a biocide and a biocide potentiator. The biocide potentiator includes a sugar oxidation product. A method of servicing a system including an aqueous fluid includes introducing to the system an aqueous composition. The aqueous composition includes a biocide and a biocide potentiator. The biocide potentiator includes a sugar oxidation product.

Abstract: A desalting composition including a sugar oxidation product and least one compound selected from the group consisting of chelating agents, aliphatic alpha-hydroxy acids, surfactants, and combinations thereof. A method of desalting a nonaqueous fluid comprising contacting the nonaqueous fluid with a treatment composition comprising a sugar oxidation product and least one compound selected from the group consisting of chelating agents, aliphatic alpha-hydroxy acids, surfactants, and combinations thereof to form a mixture; and allowing the mixture to form an aqueous phase and nonaqueous phase wherein the nonaqueous phase has a reduced metal concentration relative to the nonaqueous fluid.

Abstract: A method for formation of a biobased monomer comprising contacting a sugar with one or more oxidation catalysts at least once under conditions suitable for the formation of a primary oxidation product; and subjecting the primary oxidation product to at least one process selected from the group consisting of oxidation, dehydration, acetylation, hydrogenation, ion exchange, and combinations thereof under conditions suitable for formation of a product mixture. A method for formation of a biobased monomer comprising contacting glucose with one or more oxidation catalysts at least once under conditions suitable for the formation of a primary oxidation product; and subjecting the primary oxidation product to at least one process selected from the group consisting of oxidation, dehydration, acetylation, hydrogenation, ion exchange, and combinations thereof under conditions suitable for formation of a product mixture.

Abstract: A method of reducing an acid gas from an acid gas-containing fluid, the method comprising contacting the acid gas-containing fluid with a composition comprising an amine-derived from a sugar oxidation product wherein the amine-derived from a sugar oxidation product is selected from the group consisting of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, glucamine, hexamethylenediamine, glucosamine, benzylamine, glycinate and a combination thereof. A method comprising introducing to a reactor having an amine derived from a sugar oxidation product disposed therein an acid-gas containing fluid under conditions sufficient to remove from about 10% to about 90% of the acid gas from acid-gas containing fluid.

Abstract: A method of treating process water includes introducing to a system comprising process water a composition comprising (i) one or more biocides and (ii) one or more biochelants. A composition includes (i) one or more biocides and (ii) one or more biochelants. A pharmaceutical formulation includes (i) one or more biocides, (ii) one or more biochelants, and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent.

Abstract: A biobased multifunctional additive may include a crosslinking composition. A crosslinking composition may include an oxidized sugar product, a nitrogen additive, and a solvent. Also, a biobased multifunctional additive may include an adhesive. An adhesive may include (i) a sodium silicate solution, (ii) a sugar oxidation product; (iii) urea; (iv) clay; and (v) water. Also, an adhesive may include (i) starch; (ii) a sugar oxidation product; and (iii) a boric acid.

Abstract: A composition includes a sugar oxidation product. In addition, the composition includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, minerals, proteins, amino acids, macronutrients, and micronutrients.

Abstract: A method of preparing glucodiamine, comprising contacting glucose with an enzyme oxidation catalyst under conditions suitable for the formation of glucodialdose; contacting glucodialdose with a nitrogen-containing compound under conditions suitable for the formation of glucodioxime; and reducing glucodioxime under conditions suitable for the formation of glucodiamine. A method of preparing glucodiamine, comprising contacting glucodioxime with a dehydration catalyst under conditions suitable for the formation of glucodinitrile; and reducing glucodinitrile under conditions suitable for the formation of glucodiamine.

Abstract: A method of reducing scale on a surface, the method including: contacting (i) one or more biochelants; (ii) one or more organophosphorus compound; (iii) an optional enhancer and (iv) a solvent with the surface having one or more deposits comprising iron sulfide. A composition comprising: (i) a biochelant; (ii) an organophosphorus compound; (iii) an optional enhancer and (iv) a solvent. A method of servicing a wellbore disposed in a subterranean formation including: placing into the wellbore a fluid comprising a biochelant; (ii) an organophosphorus compound; (iii) an optional enhancer; and (iv) a solvent for a time period sufficient to reduce a level of iron sulfide deposits by at least about 10% wherein the optional enhancer comprises an amino alcohol.

Abstract: A metal surface cleaner comprising (i) one or more biochelants; (ii) an alkalinity source, (iii) a surfactant and (iv) a solvent. A method of treating a metal surface comprising contacting the metal surface with a composition comprising (i) one or more biochelants; (ii) an alkalinity source, (iii) a surfactant and (iv) a solvent.

Abstract: A chemoenzymatic manufacturing process for the preparation of high value chemicals includes the enzymatic oxidation of ethanol using an oxidizing biocatalyst to form an acetaldehyde intermediate. In addition, the process includes contacting of the acetaldehyde intermediate with a carboligating biocatalyst to form pyruvic acid. Further, the process includes reacting pyruvic acid with ethanol to form ethyl pyruvate. Still further, the process includes contacting the ethyl pyruvate with a metal catalyst and hydrogen to form ethyl lactate. The process also includes hydrolyzing the ethyl lactate to produce lactic acid. Moreover, the process includes contacting at least a portion of the lactic acid with a dehydrating catalyst to form acrylic acid. In addition, the process includes contacting at least a portion of the lactic acid with a metal catalyst and hydrogen to form propylene glycol and n-propanol.

Abstract: A method for protein engineering includes generating a fitness library by performing protein language model (PLM)-guided site selection to identify favorable mutagenesis sites and creating protein variants, training a machine learning model to predict protein fitness from sequence data, wherein the machine learning model comprises a convolutional neural network (CNN); and optimizing protein sequences using a phase transition-based algorithm that dynamically updates a score matrix A of dimensions L×20 using cumulative statistics from sampled sequences and implements heating and cooling cycles to maintain system criticality.

Abstract: A trickle bed reactor, comprising a plurality of catalyst beds connected in series and progressively increasing in catalyst mass in a direction from upstream to downstream; and a plurality of heat exchangers, wherein each of the heat exchangers is located between two of the plurality of catalyst beds, and wherein each of the heat exchangers does not exchange heat with an outer surface of a vessel that contains any of the catalyst beds.

Abstract: A reactor system includes a reactor vessel configured to contain a process fluid, and a sparger assembly that operably coupled to the reactor vessel and configured to supply a mixture of a gas and a recirculated process fluid to the reactor vessel. The sparger assembly includes a plurality of sparger chambers. Each sparger chamber includes a process fluid conduit fluidly coupled to a process fluid return of the reactor vessel via a process fluid inlet, wherein the process fluid inlet has a first block and bleed valve assembly. Each sparger chamber includes a sparger conduit fluidly coupled to the process fluid conduit and a sparger disposed within the sparger conduit and fluidly coupled to a gas source via a gas inlet. Each sparger chamber also includes a process fluid-gas mixture outlet that fluidly couples the sparger conduit to a sparger outlet of the reactor vessel.

Abstract: A micronutrient formulation includes (i) a biochelant; (ii) a micronutrient salt; (iii) a ring opener; and (iv) a solvent. A micronutrient formulation includes a sugar oxidation product, a ring opener, a micronutrient salt and a solvent. The micronutrient formulation has a sodium ion concentration of from about 1,000 ppm to about 99,000 ppm.

Abstract: A composition including (i) a sugar, a sugar derivative or combination thereof; (ii) an optional nutrient salt; and (iii) an optional solvent. A method of treatment comprising contacting an agricultural material with a composition comprising (i) a sugar, a sugar derivative or combination thereof; (ii) an optional nutrient salt; (iii) an optional performance enhancing additive; and (iv) a solvent wherein treatment of the agricultural material results in increased viability of a plant associated with the agricultural material.

Abstract: A composition for efficient metal chelation includes a primary chelant. The primary chelant comprises gluconic acid, a gluconate, glucaric acid, a glucarate, one or more derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof. The primary chelant is present in an amount ranging from about 10 wt. % to about 25 wt. % based on total weight of the composition. In addition, the composition includes a secondary chelant. The secondary chelant comprises lactic acid, citric acid, or both lactic acid and citric acid. Further, the composition includes a solvent.