Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a negative electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material and a binder. The negative electrode active material contains monoclinic titanium dioxide or Li4+aTi5O12 (here, ?0.5?a?3). The binder includes polyvinylidene fluoride with a molecular weight of 400,000 to 1,000,000. The negative electrode satisfies a formula (I) below. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains at least one of difluorophosphate and monofluorophosphate. 0.1?(P2/P1)?0.

Abstract: Various aspects relate to using structured messages within systems that implement instant messaging function in a distributed computing environment. In particular, structured information may be encoded and embedded in unstructured instant messages and communicated among one or more computer systems, networks, applications or other entities. In one aspect, instant messaging may be leveraged as middleware for application integration. Other aspects relate to using structured message information to perform functions in a distributed instant messaging system. For example, structured message information may be used to control the display of instant message information to a user, or may be used to control how the instant message information is distributed, processed, or otherwise handled by a receiving system, application or process. Other aspects relate to an interface for displaying information relating to a number of instant messaging conversations to a user.

Abstract: Provided herein is a new class of nucleic acid tagging molecules which are essentially free of homopolymer stretches. The tagging molecules can tag a plurality of individual target molecules for detection with a high degree of accuracy. The tagging molecules can be used to tag at least 105 or 106 individual target molecules. The tagged individual target molecules can be subjected to high throughput sequence analysis.

Abstract: An improvement to a graphical user interface disposed within a display includes a functional scrollbar, a magnifier disposed on the functional scrollbar to enhance the view of the functional scrollbar, and a filter for selecting attributes of data within a data file. The functional scrollbar includes two parts, one that has a plurality of portions indicative of content of the data file shown on the display and one that has a plurality of portions indicative of content of the data file not shown on the display. The two parts of the scrollbar include portions indicative of content within the data file that matches the filter selection. A system for generating a functional scrollbar is also described and claimed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a train operation planning support system displays a timetable of a train in which a first required time and a first buffer time are placed for running time of the train and a second required time and a second buffer time are placed for dwell time of the train. The first required time is time required for a train running between a departure station and an arrival station. The first buffer time is buffer time obtained by subtracting the first required time from running time of the train set as a target value. The second required time is time required for the train stopping at the arrival station. The second buffer time is buffer time obtained by subtracting the second required time from dwell time of the train which is set as a target value.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a static elimination device. The static elimination device irradiates static elimination light onto a circumferential surface of the image bearing member. The image bearing member includes a conductive substrate and a single-layer photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. The static elimination light has a wavelength of at least 600 nm and no greater than 800 nm. The photosensitive layer has an optical absorption coefficient of at least 600 cm?1 and no greater than 1,500 cm?1 with respect to light having a wavelength of 660 nm.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer is a single-layer photosensitive layer and contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. A hole mobility ?h is at least 1.00×10?7 cm2/V/second and an electron mobility ?e is at least 4.00×10?8 cm2/V/second in the photosensitive layer as measured under conditions of a temperature of 23° C. and an electric field intensity of 1.50×105 V/cm. A ratio (?h/?e) of the hole mobility ?h to the electron mobility ?e is at least 1.0 and no greater than 50.0.

Abstract: An image reader includes a document reading unit, and a control unit that functions as an individual image cutting section, character string detection section, mismatch detection section, judgment section, and correction section. The individual image cutting section cuts out individual images from image data obtained through reading by the document reading unit. The character string detection section detects character strings present on the individual images. The mismatch detection section detects, for the character strings detected by the character string detection section, a mismatching portion by making comparison between the individual images with considering character strings having contents identical or similar to each other as same information. The judgment section judges for the mismatching portions whether a ratio of majority characters reaches a predefined ratio.

Abstract: An electrode comprises a current collector; and an active material-containing layer has active materials which comprise titanium-containing composite oxide having an orthorhombic crystal structure and represented by a general formula Li2+aM12?bTi6?cM2dO14+?; wherein the active material-containing layer has intensity ratio Ia/Ib in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the active material-containing layer, the Ia and the Ib are obtained by powder X-ray diffraction method using Cu-K? ray, the intensity ratio is within a range of 0.05?Ia/Ib<0.5, the Ia is the strongest intensity of a diffraction peak among diffraction peaks appearing within a range of 42°?2??44°, and the Ib is the strongest intensity of a diffraction peak among diffraction peaks appearing within a range of 44°<2??48°.

Abstract: A communication system in which a constellation employing partially anti-symmetric amplitude labels is used to transmit probabilistically shaped amplitudes such that said amplitudes are also used to determine the signs applied thereto for transmission. In an example embodiment, a data transmitter is configured to use a suitable logic function (e.g., an XOR function) to place the parity generated by an FEC code into a selected amplitude bit while using the partially anti-symmetric amplitude labels to avoid placing the parity into the sign bits of the transmitted constellation symbols. In some embodiments, the FEC code can be a low-density parity-check code. Some embodiments are compatible with layered FEC coding, e.g., employing an outer FEC code and an inner FEC code. In some embodiments, FEC coding may be optional. Some embodiments can advantageously be used in communication systems relying on DMT modulation, such as the systems providing DSL access over copper wiring.

Abstract: An on-load tap changing apparatus includes a first switching unit connected to a first tap of a transformer provided in a power system and switching power supplied from the first tap, a first impedance changing unit connected in series with the first switching unit and increasing an impedance when the first switching unit executes a switching operation, a second switching unit connected to a second tap of the transformer and switching power supplied from the second tap, and a second impedance changing unit connected in series with the second switching unit and increasing an impedance when the second switching unit executes a switching operation. The on-load tap changing apparatus can suppress an arc at the time of switching, reduce deterioration of a switching unit, and have excellent durability.

Abstract: A product display comprising a rail having a channel and a tray. The tray comprises a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a product support surface. The tray further comprises an engagement portion having at least one protrusion configured to engage the channel.

Abstract: A gaming method and system are disclosed wherein the number of available bingo patterns that may be used in a class II game are significantly increased. When using a class II gaming engine to determine the results of a class II game play, a bingo card associated with a feature may award credit values and also one or more additional nested bingo cards, to all be played within the resolution of a single feature. This feature nesting increases the number of patterns available, thereby increasing the distribution of prizes in a class II game. By expanding the number of available patterns in this manner, it is possible to improve a player's experience when playing a class II game, and to better replicate the target prize distribution for all features of a class III game on a class II game.

Abstract: A system is disclosed which integrates physical system conditions and multiple DER ownership models, and provides a bridge between DSM and wholesale/utility supply and demand to operate a market which sites and utilizes assets optimally. The DSM is technology agnostic, subject to business rules, and is focused on generating reductions in just and reasonable grid costs by assigning value based on granular location- and time-specific valuations.

Abstract: An imaging device including an electronic shutter and a pixel array with color pixels with different characteristics of spectral sensitivity arranged. The pixel array part has at least one clear pixel, the plurality of color pixels including at least two of (i) a first color filter pixel having a peak of spectral sensitivity characteristics for red, (ii) a second color filter pixel having a peak for blue, and (iii) a third color filter pixel having a peak for green. The clear pixel has a high transmittance arranged in an oblique pixel array system at a given position of a given row and a given column with respect to the first color filter pixel, the second color filter pixel, and the third color filter pixel. An electronic shutter is separately driven for the at least one clear pixel and for the plurality of color filter pixels.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charger, and a cleaning member. The charger charges a circumferential surface of the image bearing member to a positive polarity. The cleaning member is pressed against the circumferential surface of the image bearing member and collects a toner remaining on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member. A linear pressure N of the cleaning member on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member is at least 14 N/m and no greater than 40 N/m. A rebound resilience R of the cleaning member at a temperature of 25° C. is at least 38%. The leaner pressure N and the rebound resilience R satisfy mathematical formula (1A). The image bearing member satisfies mathematical formula (1B) R < 13.771 × N 0.4043 ( 1 ? A ) 0.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a cleaning member is pressed against a circumferential surface of an image bearing member and collects a toner remaining on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member. The toner has a number average roundness of 0.965 to 0.998. The toner has a D50 of 4.0 ?m to 7.0 ?m. A linear pressure of the cleaning member on the circumferential surface of the image bearing member is 10 N/m to 40 N/m. The image bearing member includes a single-layer photosensitive layer containing a charge generating material and a hole transport material. Ionization potential IpHTM of the hole transport material and ionization potential IpCGM of the charge generating material satisfy mathematical formula (1) “IpHTM?5.30 eV”, mathematical formula (2) “IpCGM?5.30 eV”, and mathematical formula (3) “0.09 eV?|IpHTM?IpCGM|?0.30 eV”.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells, a pipe, a bar, and an insulating plate, for example. The battery cells are aligned in a first direction and each include an opening. The pipe is hollow and inserted into each opening in the first direction. The bar is inserted into a hollow of the pipe. The insulating plate is provided between opposing faces of the battery cells.

Abstract: A quantum state measurement system includes a quantum state generator that generates an optical photon comprising a quantum state. A spectral converter modifies a spectrum of the optical photon and provides the optical photon comprising the quantum state with the modified spectrum. An optical switch switches the optical photon with the modified spectrum to one of a plurality of outputs. A measurement system determines a fidelity of the quantum state of the optical photon with the modified spectrum. A control system provides an electrical control signal to the quantum state generator in response to the determined fidelity of the quantum state that improves a fidelity of at least some subsequent generated optical photons comprising a quantum state that are generated by the quantum state generator after the optical photon.

Abstract: A device for therapeutic, fitness and sports enhancement can include an elongated apparatus body. The apparatus body can include three or more rounded and/or sharp edges connected by curvilinear surfaces between each of the edges about a longitudinal axis of the apparatus body. The device may or may not also include multiple projections along the outer surface of the apparatus body that are configured to be applied to the user of the device.