Abstract: A vertical tie is for a load-bearing column of a building off-site structural module with a box-section structural member. The tie has a top tie assembly for engagement by a torqueing tool from above the column. There is a bottom tie assembly, which fastens to the module below. Torque which is applied to the top tie assembly is transferred to the bottom tie assembly by an interconnect tube. The top and bottom tie assemblies are configured so that the bottom tie assembly is adapted to engage with a top tie assembly of an underneath module, in one case by a nut engaging a spindle protruding up from the lower module. This allows modules to be tied together in the vertical direction in a simple, convenient, and safe manner by an operator on-site working on top of the upper module. Access to torque the tie does not require any side opening in the column and so its load-bearing properties are not affected.

Abstract: A structural module (1) has a structural frame having structural members forming floor plates (2), wall plates (3), vertical columns (4), braces (7) extending at angles from the columns to the floor plates, and wall studs. The columns and the braces are configured to transfer vertical loads without assistance from the studs. There may be a module-to-module tie (200) affixed to at least one column, and each tie may be affixed to a top surface of a column, to link columns of adjoining modules together in a horizontal plane, and to accommodate misalignment of the modules in the horizontal plane.

Abstract: A vertical tie is for a load-bearing column of a building off-site structural module with a box-section structural member. The tie has a top tie assembly for engagement by a torqueing tool from above the column. There is a bottom tie assembly, which fastens to the module below. Torque which is applied to the top tie assembly is transferred to the bottom tie assembly by an interconnect tube. The top and bottom tie assemblies are configured so that the bottom tie assembly is adapted to engage with a top tie assembly of an underneath module, in one case by a nut engaging a spindle protruding up from the lower module. This allows modules to be tied together in the vertical direction in a simple, convenient, and safe manner by an operator on-site working on top of the upper module. Access to torque the tie does not require any side opening in the column and so its load-bearing properties are not affected.