Abstract: An oil flame monitoring system has an ultraviolet flame detector 1 and an infra red Flicker flame detector 2. The UV flame detector views a region 11 of the flame 5 known as the primary combustion zone which is situated about 1 to 2 metres downstream of a fuel atomizer 4. The IR Flicker flame detector 2 views a region 3 of the flame 5 inside the fuel oil spray just downstream of the fuel atomizer 4. A programmable logic controller processes the outputs of the two detectors 1, 2 and provides information about the position of the flame front and the quality of the flame.

Abstract: A tip shut-off fluid injector F has its injection device 1 inset to a fixed female interlocking terminal 2 when in the firing position with which a change-over valve 4 is connected by pipes P or is made integral. The terminal 2 includes valves 8 and 9 and, optionally, a by-pass valve 10. A gearbox 12 connects between the valves 8, 9 and 10 and a handwheel 11. Rotation of the handwheel 11 inserts or retracts the injection device 1 to or from the firing position and also, via the gearbox 12, rotates the valves 8, 9 and 10 between open and closed positions. Before the injection device 1 can be retracted, the handwheel 11 must be initially rotated to rotate the valves 8 and 9 to closed positions to isolate the fluid supply from the injection device 1 and, optionally, to open the by-pass valve 10 to allow fluid to circulate from the supply through the terminal 2 back to return.