Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber defined by a cylinder, a piston defining a piston top, a cylinder head with an intake port and an exhaust port, and a corresponding intake valve and an exhaust valve. The internal combustion engine further includes an intake manifold for supplying air to the combustion chamber and an exhaust manifold for drawing exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. The flow dynamics of the internal combustion engine are improved by including textured surfaces on one or more of the piston top, the cylinder head, the intake valve, the intake port, the exhaust valve, the intake manifold, the exhaust manifold, or the fuel supplier. The textured surface may include indentations, protrusions, or combinations.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber defined by a cylinder, a piston defining a piston top, a cylinder head with an intake port and an exhaust port, and a corresponding intake valve and an exhaust valve. The internal combustion engine further includes an intake manifold for supplying air to the combustion chamber and an exhaust manifold for drawing exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. The flow dynamics of the internal combustion engine are improved by including textured surfaces on one or more of the piston top, the cylinder head, the intake valve, the intake port, the exhaust valve, the intake manifold, the exhaust manifold, or the fuel supplier. The textured surface may include indentations, protrusions, or combinations.

Abstract: A turbocharger assembly including a turbine housing defining an exhaust inlet opening and an exhaust outlet opening and a turbine wheel housed in the turbine housing. The turbocharger assembly also includes a compressor housing defining an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening and a compressor wheel housed in the compressor housing. The turbocharger assembly also includes a shaft coupling the turbine wheel to the compressor wheel. The turbine housing, the turbine wheel, the compressor housing, and/or the compressor wheel includes a surface having a series of protrusions or depressions configured to increase the efficiency of the turbocharger assembly.

Abstract: A pressure release valve configured to vent excess pressure from an intake manifold. The pressure release valve includes a sealing surface on the intake manifold, a top plate coupled to and spaced from the sealing surface, and a seal plate slidably disposed between the top plate and the sealing surface. The seal plate is configured to move between a closed position and an open position when subject to a pressure exceeding a threshold pressure. The pressure release valve also includes at least one resilient member disposed between the sealing surface and the top plate. The at least one resilient member is adapted to bias the seal plate into the closed position.