Abstract: A consumable heat retention shield for retaining the heat of the interior lining of a hot metal car includes a combustible framework having a bottom wall, upstanding walls and a flange, with the surface thereof that is to be directly exposed to the hot metal car covered with a layer of refractory material, with the shield being manually positioned on the hot metal car by workmen, and the shield consumable upon pouring of molten metal upon the shield and through the mouth of the hot metal car. Preferably, the shield has a metallic filler material in a cavity thereof to provide additional weight to the shield, which metallic filler material is compatable with the molten metal charged to the hot metal car.

Abstract: A drapable, consumable, heat retention shield for hot metal cars has a fibrous refractory sheet disposed between two metallic lattices, the lattices connected by fastening means to retain the sheet to form a panel having a bottom wall, upstanding side walls and a flange extending outwardly from the side walls. In one embodiment the metallic lattices substantially cover the fibrous refractory sheet, while in another embodiment cross strips of metallic lattices are used with a combustible supporting frame provided about the periphery of the fibrous refractory sheet to support the same.

Abstract: A mop yarn is produced by extruding onto the embossed face of a conveyor belt a first layer of a fiber reinforced sponge forming viscose mass, feeding regularly transversely spaced core yarns onto the conveyor advanced first layer and extruding a second layer of the sponge forming viscose mass onto the core yarn carrying first layer. The composite layers are then coagulated, regenerated and purified, and the resulting cellulose sponge web is then longitudinally slit to produce sponge strands in each of which is embedded and bonded at least one of the core yarns. The resulting cellulose sponge mop yarn is of rectangular transverse cross section and has low porosity water permeable top and bottom faces at least one of which is embossed and skinless side faces and each yarn has one or more core yarns of cotton twine embedded therein and bonded to the sponge material.