Abstract: An object of the present invention is to enable prevention of aging and extension of lifespan of a human or non-human organism by a method other than calorie restriction and administration of metformin. It is possible to prevent aging and extend the lifespan of a human or non-human organism by administering an agent comprising A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. In addition, it is possible to prevent aging and extend the lifespan of a human or non-human organism by combining A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor and B) hypoxanthine, or a compound that is capable of being converted to hypoxanthine in body, by administering these simultaneously or administering these as a combination drug or a kit formulation.

Abstract: A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a substance having an effect of increasing intracellular ATP and, particular, a potent ATP enhancer far surpassing the increasing effect of inosine alone or a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor alone. A human or animal intracellular ATP enhancer comprising a combination of A) and B): A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor; and B) hypoxanthine, or a compound capable of being converted to hypoxanthine in the body.

Abstract: A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a substance having an effect of increasing intracellular ATP and, particularly, a potent ATP enhancer far surpassing the increasing effect of inosine or febuxostat alone. A human or animal intracellular ATP enhancer comprising a combination of A) and B): A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and B) any one or more compounds selected from inosine, inosinic acid, hypoxanthine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a substance having an effect of increasing intracellular ATP and, particular, a potent ATP enhancer far surpassing the increasing effect of inosine alone or a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor alone. A human or animal intracellular ATP enhancer comprising a combination of A) and B): A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor; and B) hypoxanthine, or a compound capable of being converted to hypoxanthine in the body.

Abstract: A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a substance having an effect of increasing intracellular ATP and, particularly, a potent ATP enhancer far surpassing the increasing effect of inosine or febuxostat alone. A human or animal intracellular ATP enhancer comprising a combination of A) and B): A) a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and B) any one or more compounds selected from inosine, inosinic acid, hypoxanthine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A liquid leakage detection system requiring no power supply from an outer source and configured to be relatively simple and moderate in price. A liquid leakage detection system (10) including an infusion tube (11), a syringe needle (12) coupled to the infusion tube (11), an absorbent element (16) adapted to be placed in the vicinity of a point (12a) of the syringe needle (12) to be pricked through a patient skin and a sensor unit (14) located on an upper side or within the absorbent element (16).

Abstract: Problems: Provided are a test method of determining an effective dose of methotrexate in each patient and a method for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Means to Solve the Problems: There is obtained a test method of an A1298C polymorphism in MTHFR gene in a patient suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, the method being used for the determination of the effective dose of methotrexate in each patient, whereby a method for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in each patient is also obtained.

Abstract: A method of estimating, in addition to haplotype frequencies and diplotype configurations, a means and a standard deviation determining a distribution of a quantitative phenotype by the diplotype on the basis of data on observed genotypes and phenotype data taking a continuous value.