Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting element has a cross-sectional structure comprising a support substrate, a semiconductor lamination located over the support substrate, and a joint layer located between the semiconductor lamination and the support substrate, containing a first jointing layer located on the semiconductor lamination side and a second jointing layer located on the support substrate side. In the plan view, the semiconductor lamination has corner portions and side portions along the periphery, the first jointing layer is encompassed by the second jointing layer, the second jointing layer is encompassed by the semiconductor lamination, and an annular region defined between outlines of the semiconductor lamination and of the first jointing layer has first portions corresponding to the corner portions of the semiconductor lamination and second portions corresponding to the side portions of the semiconductor lamination, widths of the first portions being narrower than widths of the second portions.

Abstract: A signal lamp and method of use are disclosed in which reflectors are provided for the lamp's LEDs so that light from the LEDs can be utilized and directed in an effective manner. The signal lamp permits the number of LEDs to be reduced, costs to be lowered, and the amount of heat output by the LEDs to also be reduced. Prismatic cuts in the lens are also relatively simple, and the lens can be made thin because light distribution can be carried out by the LEDs and reflectors provided in the vicinity of the LEDs.

Abstract: A light detector comprising a photo sensing chip having a light detecting surface, a cylindrical converging lens to collect incident light from different directions to a light detecting surface, at least one electrode connected to the photo sensing chip, a light detecting surface, and in a cross-sectional view along the axis Z of the light detector, one end of the lens is comprised of a central spherically curved surface having a first radius of curvature, and a peripheral spherically curved surface having a second radius of curvature. In another aspect of the invention, a flat surface is further arranged between the central spherically curved surface and the peripheral spherically curved surface. In the invention, the lens is comprised of just one lens element, and is formed by resin molding.

Abstract: A neon discharge lamp provided with a powder coating with an appropriate particle size of used powder, is applied on an inner surface of a tubular bulb to the extent nearly equal to or more the length of an electrode portion, along the longitudinal axis of said tubular bulb. The phenomenon of neon gas being encompassed by way of cathode sputtering is prevented and the shortened operating life of the neon discharge lamp of this kind by way of cathode sputtering is also prevented.

Abstract: The present invention is remote control system including one or moree portable units and a base unit which employs identifiction codes for security. The operator preferably can select the identification code for the base unit, preferably via a process yielding a random number, with a provision for selection of a predetermined reset code. The base unit teaches this identification code to a portable unit via mating asynchronous communication ports. The same identification code may be taught to plural portable units. This identification code is stored in a static random access memory in the portable units and in an electrically erasable read only memory in the base unit and this is not susceptible to determination by visual inspection. Each portable unit includes a capacitor for storing energy so that the battery, which ordinarily supplies electrical power to the portable unit, can be replaced without loss of the stored identification code.

Abstract: The present invention is a safety feature in an automatic garage door operator. In the prior art a single momentary contact push button, either directly connected to the automatic garage door operator or connected via a radio transmitter, is used to control door operation. In accordance with the present invention, closing the garage door requires continuous actuation of the momentary contact push button from the time the operation is begun until the door is fully closed. Any interruption in this continuous operation causes the automatic garage door operator to reverse and fully open the door. Thus continuous attention of the operator is required, thus enhancing safety because of the attention of the operator.