Abstract: Disclosed is a specific communication emitter identification method based on an instantaneous envelope equipotential constellation trace figure, including: selecting a specific communication emitter and acquiring its radio frequency signal fragment, performing instantaneous envelope extraction to the radio frequency fragment, and representing the instantaneous envelope with a constellation trace figure using a constellation trace figure two-dimensional visualization method, wherein the constellation trace figure serves as a radio frequency fingerprint of a transmitter, and inputting the radio frequency fingerprint into a classifier to identify. The disclosure overcomes drawbacks in conventional technologies.