Abstract: Herbicidal compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are not both phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; orR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together are oxo;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.6 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; andR.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.n -- wherein n is the integer 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.b is (a) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted with halogen or cyano; (c) phenyl; or (d) benzyl; (10) --NR.sup.c R.sup.d wherein R.sup.c and R.sup.

Abstract: A granular anhydrous dicalcium phosphate having a particle of a size sufficient for direct compression tablets and a surface area of greater than 5 meters.sup.2 /gram can be direct compression tableted. This product can be prepared by dehydrating granules of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate of a particle size sufficient for direct compression tableting and sufficiently large to allow the dehydration of the granules without lumping and without fracturing a majority of the granules. The granules are heated at a temperature sufficient to form anhydrous dicalcium phosphate. The product is a granular anhydrous dicalcium phosphate exhibiting good compressibility, flowability and whiteness while being in an anhydrous state.

Abstract: A method of preparing a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl, R.sub.1 is alkyl or aryl and X is halogen or nitro comprising reacting ##STR2## wherein R and X are as defined above with a mercaptan having the formula R-SH in the presence of an inorganic base, a phase transfer catalyst and a non-polar aprotic solvent.

Abstract: The transition metal component of a Ziegler-Natta type catalyst is prepared by the reaction of a magnesium alkoxy alkoxide with titanium tetrachloride. The transition metal component is combined with an aluminum compound to prepare a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: Aqueous phorphoric acid solutions are produced by contacting an elemental phosphorus-containing material with an oxygen-containing gas, while both are finely divided and well mixed together in a reactor vessel, while the phosphorus-containing material is otherwise protected from direct contact with oxygen in the atmosphere by being blanketed with a protective aqueous layer, and removing and recovering the heat generated in the reactor vessel (e.g., by means of a heat exchanger) due to the contact between the oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas and the elemental phosphorus in the elemental phosphorus-containing material. The technique is useful for the production of phosphoric acid from substantially pure elemental phosphrous.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for decolorizing arylsulfonyl halides. The disclosed process decolorizes arylsulfonyl halides derived from the reaction of an arylsulfonic acid with a sulfur halide and a corresponding halogen. The resulting arylsulfonyl halide is contacted with a decolorizing agent and thereafter optionally dstilled. The decolorizing agent can be an oxidizing agent, for example, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, chlorine, nitric acid, and air in the presence of platinum on charcoal catalyst. The decolorizing agent can also be a reducing agent, e.g., dimethyl phosphite, trimethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, hydrogen sulfide, sodium hypophosphite and red phosphorus. Additionally, the decolorizing agent can be a compound having at least one alkene linkage, e.g., polybutadiene, C.sub.14 -C.sub.30 alpha-olefins, and unsaturated vegetable oils.

Abstract: There are disclosed multiphosphorus-containing compounds comprising phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing phosphate esters. The compounds can be prepared by: (a) reacting a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with phosphorus pentoxide following by reaction with an epoxide, (b) reacting a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with a phosphorus oxyhalide, hydrolyzing any phosphorus halogen bonds and then reacting the resulting phosphoric acid derivative with an epoxide, (c) transesterifying a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with a dialkyl phosphite, oxidizing the resulting compound to yield a phosphoric acid derivative and reacting the phosphoric acid derivative with an epoxide. The compounds are useful as flame retardant additives for polyurethanes and textiles.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for producing a disulfide dimer of hydrocarbylthiophosphonic dichloride wherein a hydrocarbylthiophosphonic dichloride is reacted with hydrogen sulfide. In the process disclosed, the reaction is conducted in the presence of a small amount of solvent which dissolves the product at high temperature and has very low solubility in the product at low temperature. In recovering the product an additional amount of solvent is added to the reaction product thereby allowing for the recovery of the product as a slurry after completion of the reaction. Optionally and preferably, a packed column is used in the process which increases the reaction rate.

Abstract: Pnictide thin films, particularly phosphorus, grown on III-V semiconductors, particularly InP, GaP, and GaAs, are amorphous and have a novel layer-like, puckered sheet-like local order. The thin films are typically 400 Angstroms thick and grown preferably by molecular beam deposition, although other processes such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, and deposition from a liquid melt may be used. The layers are grown on the <100> <110>, and <111> surfaces of the III-V crystals. The pnictide layer reduces the density of surface states, and allows the depletion layer to be modulated, the surface barrier reduced, the electron concentration at the surface increased, and there is a decrease in the surface recombination velocity and an increase in the photoluminescence intensity.

Abstract: Novel S-benzyl thiolcarbamates are disclosed, having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methoxy,R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, and allyl, andR.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two methyl groups, and allyl.The compounds are particularly effective in the control of weeds associated with rice crops.

Abstract: An acylated 1,3-dicarbonyl compound is produced by rearrangement of the corresponding enol ester in the presence of a cyanide source. In one embodiment the cyanide source is employed with a molar excess of a moderate base, with respect to the enol ester. In another embodiment, the cyanide source is a stoichiometric amount, with respect to the enol ester, of potassium or lithium cyanide and a catalytic amount of a crown ether is used.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide from a particulate carbon source. In one embodiment, an oxygen containing gas is reacted with a particulate carbon source in a one step process so as to provide the temperatures necessary for the reaction of the particulate carbon source with sulfur to produce carbon disulfide. In another embodiment, a source of hydrogen is introduced along with the oxygen containing gas and sulfur so as to produce hydrogen sulfide in a single step process.

Abstract: A novel adhesive exhibiting low outgassing upon exposure to high temperatures is disclosed. The instant adhesive comprises: (a) a soluble polyimide resin, (b) a solvent for said polyimide resin, (c) an epoxy resin, (d) a cross-linking agent reactive with the polyimide solvent of (b), and (e) a catalyst which accelerates the reaction between (b) and (d). Optionally, the adhesive may also contain a conductive material. A process for making the adhesive is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl or aromatic, R.sup.1 is alkyl and X is halogen or nitro comprising reacting a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and X are defined as above with a mercaptan having the formula R--SH in the presence of an inorganic base and a polar aprotic solvent.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl or halogen, are herbicides.

Abstract: A process for photochlorinating aromatic compounds in the side chain and, in particular, a process for the selective chlorination of a 2-alkyl group of 2-alkyl benzoic acid or ester is disclosed. In this process, hydrogen chloride is added to the benzoic acid or ester prior to adding chlorine in the presence of actinic radiation at a reaction temperature below the decomposition temperature of the resulting chlorinated acid or ester. A typical aromatic compound is methyl 2-methylbenzoate and the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature ranging from about -20.degree. C. to 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A process of recovering elemental phosphorus from sludge is disclosed wherein the sludge is flash evaporated utilizing a heat transfer means and then separated from the solid impurities contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention is a die attach film which is adapted for adhesive mounting to a dicing frame. The film contains a support film, a curable die bonding adhesive releasably mounted on the support film which is adapted to receive semiconductor wafer, semiconductor die, and the like, and adhesive means to bond the support film to a dicing frame. In one embodiment the adhesive means comprise pressure sensitive adhesive means on the support film itself adjacent the portions designed to contact the dicing frame. In another embodiment, the adhesive means comprise a larger tacky film bonded to the bottom of the support film for the die attach film.

Abstract: Sunflower regeneration media comprising minimal salts, a carbohydrate source, and regeneration-effective mixtures of plant hormones and regeneration-effective mixtures of vitamins are disclosed and claimed. A method of screening sunflower seedlines for regeneration using the medium is disclosed and claimed. A method for regenerating sunflower plants using the medium is also disclosed.

Abstract: Pyrophoric elemental phosphorus-containing material, e.g., solid waste containing high levels of elemental phosphorus (P.sub.4), is treated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, to reduce the amount of elemental phosphorus contained therein while it is otherwise protected from contact with oxygen in the air by being blanketed by a non-flammable fluid (e.g., while under an aqueous protective layer). This renders the material less pyrophoric and also enables the recovery of phosphorus values therefrom, e.g., in the form of a weak phosphoric acid solution. This treatment, for example, mobilizes highly pyrophoric solid waste into a more flowable sludge or mud form while rendering it substantially more non-pyrophoric.