Abstract: A method for operating a coal dust furnace comprises blowing into the furnace a mixture of combustion air and combustion coal dust having a specified range of grain sizes, the range of grain sizes having an upper limiting grain size, and, for reducing the temperature of the flame, also blowing into the furnace additional temperature reducing coal dust, the range of grain sizes of the additional coal dust lying essentially above the specified upper limiting grain size, this temperature reducing coal dust subsequently being burnt in additional areas of the furnace. The two types of coal dust are blown into the furnace in concentric streams each surrounded by an annular stream of its associated combustion air. If the combustion coal dust is the central stream, then its combustion air is fed in a swirling stream.

Abstract: A fluidized bed firing unit, in which a fluidized bed of comparatively inert material is maintained in a container having cooled or insulated walls and a flow-bottom by means of air entering through flow nozzles in the bottom, the fuel being fed to the fluidized bed after the latter has been heated to the ignition temperature of the fuel. The air supplied through the air nozzles in the flow bottom for the purpose of producing the fluidized bed, is forced into at least one component of motion causing the fluidized bed to circulate in a horizontal plane while the fuel is fed in the lower part of the fluidized bed, preferably in the area of approximately 20% of the bed height. The motion component moving the fluidized bed in the circulating motion is preferably produced by off center feeding-in of additional air. It is expedient if at least the air nozzles in the area of the container walls are inclined with respect to vertical in the same direction.

Abstract: An installation for recovering energy from solid fossil fuels more particularly bituminous coal high in inerts consists of at least one unit in which the solid fuels are converted into gas. A gas-turbine and a steam-turbine are provided to recover the energy from the gases. The gases are freed of dust and desulfurized before the gas-turbine. The installation is characterized in that a wet-bottom boiler using the ground fuel is provided with pressure firing, the flue gases therefrom being passed to the desulfurizng unit and dust-removing unit before being utilized in the gas-turbine.

Abstract: A process for the production of fuel from coal for the pressure gasification of coal in a fixed bed reactor comprising the steps of segregating the coal into oversize and undersize fractions, mixing the undersize fraction with sulfite liquor to form an agglomerate and forming the agglomerate into pellets. The pellets are then hardened in a low temperature furnace and subsequently fed through a charging valve into the reactor, together with the oversize fraction.

Abstract: A flow-limiting device for a pipe carrying a fluid or gaseous medium, comprising a flap, means mounting the flap in the pipe for pivotal movement in a manner to vary the cross-sectional area of flow through the pipe, and spring means urging the flap in a direction to increase the cross-sectional area of flow and against the direction of flow through the pipe, so that the flap varies the cross-sectional area of flow through the pipe in dependence on the kinetic energy differential of the medium upstream and downstream of the flap. The spring means comprise a leaf spring one end of which is mounted in an upper part of a housing for insertion in the pipe and the other end of which carries the flap. There is a clearance beneath the lower edge of the flap to permit the passage of deposits in the medium past the flap in all positions thereof.

Abstract: Concrete, especially for producing concrete blocks of high compressive strength, is formed from a hydraulic binder and an improved aggregate which consists of 0.1:1 to 1:0.1 parts of a sludge to comminuted slag. The sludge is a calcium-containing product of the scrubbing of the flue gases of a fossil-fuel boiler, preferably of a power plant, while the slag can be melting-chamber slag or ash obtained from the furnace. The composition may also contain sand or gravel. It is combined with water, to be cast into cement blocks of high compressive strength. Low proportions of the hydraulic binder are required with the improved aggregate.

Abstract: Waste gas from a coal-fired power plant is scrubbed with a lime-water mixture to form a sludge whose water content is reduced and which is mixed with a binder such as water glass. This mixture is then pelletized to produce hard water-stable material suitable for use as an aggregate or filler. The waste gas may be stripped of its fly ash and this ash added to the sludge to thicken it.

Abstract: Waste gas from a coal-fired power plant is scrubbed with a lime-water mixture to form a sludge whose water content is reduced and which is mixed with a binder such as water glass. This mixture is then pelletized to produce hard water-stable material suitable for use as an aggregate or filler. The waste gas may be stripped of its fly ash and this ash added to the sludge to thicken it.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for cleaning gases, especially those generated by the pressurized gasification of coal, to remove impurities therefrom, especially tar, dust and salts, in which the gases are washed with a liquid, preferably water, in a scrubbing unit and the wash liquid is cleaned to yield a major clean liquid stream which is recycled by a circulating means to the scrubbing unit and a minor impurities concentrate stream from which the impurities are removed, in a separator unit. Preferably the wash liquid is cleaned using a plurality of hydrocyclones which may be arranged in series or in parallel. Optionally the liquid recovered from the impurities concentrate stream is returned to the scrubbing unit, although if the quantity of this liquid is equal to the quantity of liquid required for the de-salting of the wash liquid, no recovered liquid is returned to the scrubbing unit.

Abstract: A generating plant is driven by a gas turbine, which is run with combustion gases from gas coming from a carbon pressure reactor and which obtains the combustion air necessary for its operation from a primary compressor driven by the gas turbine by means of a final compressor connected at the outlet side of the primary compressor. The final compressor is driven by an expansion turbine connected between the pressure reactor and the combustion chamber acting to produce the combustion gases. During starting up of such a plant the pressure reactor is operated with extraneous air which is primarily compressed by a starting compressor and further compressed by the final compressor which is powered by a pony motor, the expansion turbine being disconnected until it reaches operating speed.

Abstract: Junction elements for pneumatic conveyor systems for use in, for example, power stations include a pair of intersecting arms and an impact plate at the outside of the junction between the arms. The impact plate is reinforced by a reinforcing plate which is held by screw clamps in a frame fixed to the impact plate.