Abstract: The specification describes a method and apparatus for deoxidizing steel. Molten steel is tapped into a ladle in which a preliminary deoxidizer of ferrosilicon or the like is added. From the ladle, the molten steel is poured into a runner which is interconnected with a plurality of molds and a deoxidizer chamber. The molten steel flows toward the molds through the deoxidizer chamber dissolving a final deoxidizer. The final deoxidizer is aluminum or a mixture of aluminum with silicon, calcium, magnesium, or their alloys. The molten steel with the dissolved deoxidizer flows into the molds. The deoxidizer chamber is configured and the final deoxidizer is formulated in such a manner that the final deoxidizer is dissolved at a substantially constant rate by the flowing molten steel.

Abstract: A high-strength, heat-resistant alloy is provided which comprises, in weight percent, about 0.2 to about 0.75 percent carbon, from about 20.0 to about 30.0 percent chromium, from about 15.0 to about 60.0 percent nickel, up to about 2.0 percent manganese, up to about 2.5 percent silicon, from about 3.0 to about 10.0 tungsten, from about 0.1 to about 1.0 zirconium, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities.