Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a core, an inner cladding, a first trench region, an intermediate cladding, a second trench region, and an outer cladding. The core has a first radius. The inner cladding is defined by the first radius and a second radius of the optical fibre. The first trench region is defined by the second radius and a third radius. The first trench region. The intermediate cladding is defined by the third radius and a fourth radius. The second trench region is defined by the fourth radius and a fifth radius. The outer cladding is defined by the fifth radius and a sixth radius.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre (100). The optical fibre (100) includes a glass core (102), a trench region (106) and a cladding (108). The trench region (106) has a trench curve parameter ?trench in range of 5 to 8. The optical fibre (100) has a mode field diameter in range of 8.7 micrometers to 9.7 micrometers at wavelength of 1310 nanometer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for stacking of a plurality of optical fibre ribbons (106). The plurality of optical fibre ribbons (106) is defined by a top surface (S1) and a bottom surface (S2). The top surface (S1) and bottom surface (S2) are defined by a plurality of elevated regions and a plurality of groove regions. The method for stacking of the plurality of optical fibre ribbons (106) includes arranging the plurality of optical fibre ribbons (106) over each other such that the plurality of elevated regions of each of the plurality of optical fibre ribbons fits over the plurality of groove regions of an adjacent optical fibre ribbon of the plurality of optical fibre ribbons (106). In addition, arrangement of the plurality of optical fibre ribbons forms an optical fibre ribbon stack (200).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to method for underground installation of a pre-ducted optical fiber cable assembly. The method includes a first step of drilling a first pilot bore from a second manhole to a first manhole. In addition, the method includes a second step of pulling the pre-ducted optical fiber cable assembly. Further, the method includes a third step of drilling a second pilot bore from a third manhole to the second manhole. Furthermore, the method includes a fourth step of pulling the pre-ducted optical fiber cable assembly from the second manhole to the third manhole. Moreover, the method of underground installation of the pre-ducted optical fiber cable assembly eliminates the need for blowing the pre-ducted optical fiber cable assembly with a cable blowing machine.

Abstract: A telecommunications cable includes a plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors, a separator, a first jacket, one or more barriers and a second jacket. In addition, the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extends substantially along a longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. Further, the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an electrical conductor and an insulation layer. Furthermore, the separator separates each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. Moreover, the first jacket and the second jacket extend substantially along the longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. Also, the one or more barriers are positioned between the first jacket and the second jacket.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for identifying handover requirement by a Radio access network (RAN) controller in open RAN (O-RAN) environment. The O-RAN environment has a virtualized network architecture having at least one RAN controller that is able to control, via an E2 node, a plurality of user equipments (UEs) positioned in a serving cell, a cell covering a location for serving a UE, the serving cell is adjacent to a plurality of neighbour cells. The method includes parallel execution of the operations performed by the RAN controller for each serving cell and each of the neighbor cell and updating CIOs in stepwise i.e., gradually with repeated comparing of the serving cell load parameter with each of the plurality of neighbour cell load parameters and updating the serving cell handover parameter and the plurality of neighbour cell handover parameters based on the comparison.

Abstract: Present disclosure provides a method for grouping of a plurality of optical fibers using first coating layer and magnetic coating layer. The method of the present disclosure includes the step of coating of each of the plurality of optical fibers with a first coating layer and the step of coating of each of the plurality of optical fibers with a magnetic coating layer. Further, the method includes the step of applying magnetic field over the plurality of optical fibers for grouping of the plurality of optical fibers in a predefined manner. Furthermore, the first coating layer serves as a shock absorber to protect the plurality of optical fibers from physical damage.

Abstract: A method and radio access network (RAN) controller (102) for providing real-time target cell recommendation for handover in an open-RAN (O-RAN) environment (400) is disclosed. The O-RAN environment has a virtualized network architecture having at least one RAN controller, the RAN controller is connected with a plurality of E2 nodes, the plurality of E2 nodes are connected to a plurality of user equipment (UEs) (112a, 112b, 112c, 112d and 112e) positioned in a serving cell (110) adjacent to a plurality of neighbour cells (108a,108b). The method comprising executing a first handover process to enable checking, at the atleast one UE, if triggering of handover is required and a second handover process to identify a target neighbour cell (108a/108b) for handover of the atleast one UE from the serving cell to the target neighbour cell and recommending the handover of the atleast one UE from the serving cell to the identified target neighbour cell based on the first handover process and the second handover process.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a core region, a primary trench region and a secondary trench region. The core region has a radius r1. In addition, the core region has a relative refractive index ?1. Further, the primary trench region has a relative refractive index ?3. Furthermore, the primary trench region has a curve parameter ?trench-1. Moreover, the secondary trench region has a relative refractive index ?4. Also, the secondary trench region has a curve parameter ?trench-2.

Abstract: An intermittently bonded optical fibre ribbon includes a plurality of optical fibres. The plurality of optical fibres is defined by at least two adjacent central optical fibers, a first plurality of optical fibers and a second plurality of fibers. The at least two adjacent central optical fibers are sandwiched between the first plurality of optical fibers and the second plurality of optical fibers. The at least two adjacent central optical fibers are fully bonded along length of the at least two central fibres. The first plurality of fibers and the second plurality of optical fibers are bonded partially along non-central length of the plurality of optical fibres.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre ribbon. The optical fibre ribbon includes a plurality of optical fibres bonded with a matrix material. The matrix material is applied along a longitudinal length of the plurality of optical fibres. Further, the plurality of optical fibres is defined by a geometrical centre and diameter. Further, the plurality of optical fibres has a predefined distance between geometrical centres of any two adjacent optical fibres of the plurality of optical fibres. Moreover, the predefined distance between geometrical centres of any two adjacent optical fibres of the plurality of optical fibres is less than 200 microns. Further, the optical fibre ribbon provides the optical fibre ribbon cable that is flexible and easy to install in space constraint regions and allows ribbons to bend easily at non-preferential axis. Furthermore, the optical fibre ribbon with reduced weight and with high mass fusion splicing capability.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber cable (100). The optical fiber cable (100) includes a first layer (108) and a second layer (110). The second layer (110) surrounds the first layer (108). The first layer (108) includes a first plurality of buffer tubes (122). The second layer (110) comprises a second plurality of buffer tubes (124). Each buffer tube of the first plurality of buffer tubes (122) and the second plurality of buffer tubes (124) has a thickness of at most 0.15 millimeter. Each buffer tube of the first plurality of buffer tubes (122) and the second plurality of buffer tubes (124) includes a first material layer (126) and a second material layer (128). The second material layer (128) surrounds the first material layer (126). The first material layer (126) is made of polybutylene terephthalate. The second material layer (128) is made of polycarbonate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable includes at least one optical fiber ribbon stack. In addition, the at least one optical fiber ribbon stack includes a plurality of stacked ribbons. Further, each ribbon of the plurality of stacked ribbons includes a plurality of optical fibers. The plurality of optical fibers includes edge fibers. The edge fibers are defined as the at least one optical fiber having a mach number of at most 7.2 disposed at a first end and a second end of a first ribbon and a last ribbon of the plurality of stacked ribbons.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a few mode optical fiber (100). The few mode optical fiber (100) includes a core (102). The core (102) defined by a region around a central longitudinal axis (112) of the few mode optical fiber (100). In addition, the core (102) has a super gaussian refractive index profile with curve parameter gamma and rescale factor (a). In addition, the core (102) has a first annular region (104) extended from central longitudinal axis (112) of the few mode optical fiber (100) to radius r1. Further, the core (102) has a second annular region (106) extended from radius r1 to radius r2. Furthermore, the core (102) has a third annular region (108) extended from radius r2 to radius r3. In addition, the few mode optical fiber (100) has a cladding (110) extended from radius r3 to radius r4.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for fabrication of an optical fibre soot preform. The method includes production of silicon dioxide particles along with waste particulates. The silicon dioxide particles are produced using a precursor material in a combustion chamber. In addition, the method includes cooling of the silicon dioxide particles. Further, the method includes agglomeration of the silicon dioxide particles. Furthermore, the method includes separation of the waste particulates from the silicon dioxide particles. Moreover, the method includes dehydration of the silicon dioxide particles. Also, the method includes compaction of the silicon dioxide particles. The compaction of the silicon dioxide particles facilitates fabrication of the optical fibre soot preform.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable includes a central strength member. The central strength member lies substantially along a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable includes at least one buffer tube. The at least one buffer tube is stranded helically around the central strength member. Each of the at least one buffer tube encapsulates at least one optical fiber. The optical fiber cable includes a first layer. The first layer circumferentially surrounds a core of the optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable includes a second layer. The second layer is formed of high density polyethylene. The optical fiber cable includes at least one set of water swellable yarn and a plurality of ripcords.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide cable includes one or more optical waveguide bands positioned substantially along a longitudinal axis of the optical waveguide cable. Further, the optical waveguide cable includes a plurality of cylindrical enclosure substantially concentric to the longitudinal axis of the optical waveguide cable. The plurality of cylindrical enclosure includes a predefined cylindrical enclosure. Furthermore, the one or more optical waveguide bands include a plurality of light transmission elements. Moreover, the density of the predefined cylindrical enclosure is at most 0.935 gram per cubic centimeter. Also, the optical waveguide cable has a waveguide area factor about 44%. The one or more optical waveguide bands are coupled longitudinally with the predefined cylindrical enclosure. The predefined cylindrical enclosure is at a predefined diagonal distance of about 0.9 millimeter from the one or more optical waveguide bands.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber cable (100). The optical fiber cable (100) includes a plurality of optical fibers ribbons (102) lying substantially along a longitudinal axis (116) of the optical fiber cable (100). Further, the optical fiber cable (100) includes a first layer (104) surrounding the plurality of optical fibers ribbons (102). Furthermore, the optical fiber cable (100) includes a second layer (106) surrounding the first layer (104). Furthermore, the optical fiber cable (100) includes a third layer (108) surrounding the second layer (106). Moreover, the optical fiber cable (100) includes a fourth layer (140) surrounding the third layer (108). The first layer (104) is a water blocking tape. The third layer (108) is sandwich of water blocking material and ECCS steel tape. Moreover, the optical fiber cable (100) includes two pairs of strength members (112a-b; 112c-d) embedded inside the second layer (106).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a stacking arrangement of an optical fiber ribbon in a buffer tube of an optical fiber cable. The stacking arrangement includes optical fiber ribbon stack, first bendable optical fiber ribbon, second bendable optical fiber ribbon, third bendable optical fiber ribbon, fourth bendable optical fiber ribbon and optical fiber ribbons. The optical fiber ribbon stack includes at least four corners. Each optical fiber at the corresponding four corners of the optical fiber ribbon stack is a bend insensitive optical fiber. One or more optical fibers are placed adjacent to each other at the corresponding four corners of the optical fiber ribbon stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a rollable optical fiber ribbon. The rollable optical fiber ribbon includes a plurality of optical fibers positioned along a longitudinal axis of the rollable optical fiber ribbon. In addition, the rollable optical fiber ribbon includes a matrix material covering the plurality of optical fibers. Each of the plurality of optical fibers is placed adjacent to other optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers. Each of the plurality of optical fibers with a diameter of about 210±5 micron is spaced at a pitch in a range of about 250 microns to 255 microns. The rollable optical fiber ribbon is corrugated from a first side and a second side to enable rolling of the rollable optical fiber ribbon in circular fashion.